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初三下學(xué)期 Unit 17 The missing necklace
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1．能熟練談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)“失竊”的話題，注意所使用的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的準(zhǔn)確性。
2．掌握本單元的詞匯和短語，特別是look like，far away，come down等短語的用法。
3．初步學(xué)習(xí)定語從句，找準(zhǔn)先行詞，選對關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞：指人的用who，that，whom指物的用that，which，指時(shí)間的用who，指地點(diǎn)的用where。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中如作賓語，可以省略。作其他成分都不可以省略。
4．認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)“Who stole the necklace？”，培養(yǎng)我們的分析能力、邏輯思維能力。
5．學(xué)會用定語從句來表達(dá)較長的句子。注意英語和漢語的文化差異。
句型及日常交際用語
1．句型
�。�1） This is the present he gave me for my birthday.
�。�2） Do you know everybody who came to the party?
�。�3） My necklace is not the only thing that is missing.
�。�4） This is the cage that Polly lives.
�。�5） She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
�。�6） The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.
（7） I don't like people who talk much but do little.
�。�8） Have you called the police?
�。�9） Thank you for coming.
�。�10） There is no need to thank me.
2．日常交際用語
�。�1）Some has stolen my necklace!
（2）I heard him speak.
�。�3）Hands up!
（4）I’ll shoot anyone who moves.
�。�5）There’s no need to thank me.
�。�6）Can you remember anything else about him?
（7）Come down, Polly!
教材內(nèi)容分析
本單元是圍繞“The missing necklace”展開教學(xué)活動的，要求我們在談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)“失竊”話題時(shí)，要注意所使用的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的正確性。本單元的語法功能項(xiàng)目是定語從句。學(xué)習(xí)定語從句要搞清這么幾方面的關(guān)系：1．它是復(fù)合句；2．定語從句就名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾；3是找準(zhǔn)先行詞（被修飾的名詞或代詞）； 4．定語從句緊跟先行詞。認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)“Who stole the necklace？”，培養(yǎng)我們的邏輯思維能力，同時(shí)學(xué)會用定語從句來表達(dá)較長的句子，注意體會中西方的文化差異。
教學(xué)建議
本單元重點(diǎn)例句及相關(guān)知識講解與分析
1. Someone has stolen my necklace. 有人偷走了我項(xiàng)鏈.
（1） someone = somebody 某人、有人、屬于不定代詞，只有單數(shù)形式。
（2）somebody還解釋為“重要人物”，這時(shí)它與不定冠詞連用。
例：He’s nobody here in town but he’s a somebody in his own village. 他在這城市默默無聞，但在他本村中并非等閑之輩。
（3）stolen亦能作分詞形容詞，解釋為“被偷走的”。
2．He said, “Hands up! …” 他說，“把手舉起來！……”
Hands up的意思是“舉手”。Hand和不同的介、副詞放在一起具有不同的含義，要注意總結(jié)。例如：
hand in 上交，交給 hand down 傳下來，公布
hand on 傳給，傳下來 hand out 分發(fā)，提供
hand over 傳（某物）給某人，交出
3．Who would you ask for help if you were robbed？
如遭受搶劫，你會找誰尋求幫助（向誰求助）？
�。�1）在本句中，would ask并非過去將來時(shí)，were并非過去時(shí)，而是一種虛擬語句表示一種不大可能發(fā)生的假設(shè)）的表現(xiàn)形式。
例：If I were you，I would tell the truth．如果我是你，我就會講實(shí)話了。（但是我不是你）
�。�2）ask（sb）for help（向……）求助。
（3）rob（動詞）搶劫、剝奪，其常用句型是rob sb. Of sth．搶去/剝奪走某人的……
例：That bank was robbed yesterday. 昨晚那銀行被劫。
robber（名詞）劫賊，robbery（名詞）搶劫。
注意下面兩句的區(qū)別。
I was robbed of my watch．我的手表被搶走了。
I had my watch stolen．我的手表被偷走了。
4．There is no need to thank me. 不用謝我。
There is（no）need to do sth．= have（no）need to do sth．表示必須/不必做某事。need在句中作名詞表“需要；缺少，貧困”的意思。也可以作及物動詞或情態(tài)動詞，表“需要，必須”的意思。但需要注意的是：
�。�1）need作情態(tài)動詞只用于否定句和疑問句，通常不用于肯定句。
�。�2）didn’t need to do表示“不需要做某事”，而事實(shí)上也沒有做；needn’t have done則表示已經(jīng)做了某事，而事實(shí)上“不需要做”，是虛擬語氣用法。例如：
�。�1）He felt the need of a better education．他感到有必要受到更好的教育。
（2）She helped me in my hour of need．她在我困難的時(shí)候幫過我。
（3）He needs a new coat．他需要一件新外套。
�。�4）Need they have sold the farm？他們那時(shí)非得把農(nóng)場賣掉嗎？
5．Jim noticed it about an hour ago．吉姆半個(gè)小時(shí)前注意到了這件事。
notice在句中是及物動詞，表“注意，觀察到，看到”的意思。notice sb．to do sth．表示“注意到某人做某事”；notice sb．doing sth．則表示“注意到某人正在做某事”。其也可以當(dāng)名詞用，表“通知，布告，通告，注意”的意思。例如：
�。�1）I noticed him dig a hole in the wall．我注意到他在墻上挖了一個(gè)洞。
�。�2）The cook left without notice．那廚師沒有預(yù)先通知就走了。
在英語中，see，look，watch，notice都有“看”的意思，要注意他們的區(qū)別。
see意為“看到”，表示視覺器官有意識或無意識地看到物體，強(qiáng)調(diào)“看到”的結(jié)果。
look意為“看”，表示有意識地觀看，強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的動作。
watch意為“觀看，注視”，指以較大的注意力觀看。
notice意為“看到，注意到”，指有意識的注意，含有從不注意到注意的變化的意義。又如：
（1）What can you see in the picture？在圖畫中你能看到什么？
（2）Look! How happily they are playing！看！他們玩得多高興啊！
�。�3）He’s watched TV for over two hours．他看了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)的電視。
�。�4）He noticed a purse lying on the road．他注意到地上有個(gè)錢包。
6．But when he went to feed her today, she’d gone.
但他今天去喂她時(shí)，她已不見了。
本句中的’d是had，had gone是過去完成時(shí)。它相當(dāng)于had disappeared，或was missing或was gone。
7. When was the last time you saw the parrot?
句中的time不是指時(shí)間，而是指“次數(shù)”。后面的you saw the parrot是定語從句，是省略了關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句，用修飾time的。
【例】（1）The car which/ that my uncle bought last month is very fast.
我叔叔上個(gè)月買的那輛車速度很快。
�。�2）The house which/ that we live in is very old.
我們住的房子很舊。
�。�3）Is that the parrot you are looking for？
那是你要找的鸚鵡嗎？
8．I'm afraid your parrot has seen too many films about stealing．
我怕你的鸚鵡看了太多的有關(guān)偷竊的電影。
句中too many是“許多、太多”的意思，其后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；too much也是“許多、太多”的意思，其后接不可數(shù)名詞；much too是“很、非常”的意思，其后接形容詞或副詞。
【例】（1）There are too many books in your son's bag．
你兒子書包里的書太多了。
�。�2）She drank too much water．
她喝了太多的水了。
（3）Big computers are much too expensive．
內(nèi)存大的電腦太貴。
9．We have caught a man who matches Miss Shirley Brown’s description. 我們已逮到了一個(gè)與Shirley Brown小姐的描述相符的人。
本句中的match是動詞，是“與……相配、相符合”的意思。
match還能作名詞，解釋為“火柴、比賽”等。
description（名詞）解釋為“描述、形容”，動詞是describe。
例：Can you give me a description of the thief? 你能說出那賊的模樣嗎？它等于Can you describe the thief?
語法：定語從句（The Attributive Clause）
在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。
【例】
�。╨）The man who lives next to us sells vegetables．
（2）You must do everything that I do．
上面兩句中的man和everything是定語從句所修飾的詞，叫先行詞，定語從句放在先行詞的后面。
引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代同that，which，who（賓格whom，所有格whose）和關(guān)系副詞where，when。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間，起聯(lián)系作用，同時(shí)又作定語從句的一個(gè)成分。
l）由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：
�、賢hat在從句中可作主語或賓語，指物或指人。
【例】A plane is a machine that can fly．
Who is the man that is reading a book over there?
�、趙hich在從句中可作主語或賓語，指物。
【例】They planted the trees which didn't need much water．
The fish which we bought were not fresh．
③who，whom在從句中分別作主語和賓語，指人。
【例】The boy who broke the window is called Tom．
Mrs Read is the person to whom you should write．
2）由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：
�、賥hen指時(shí)間。
【例】I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm．
�、趙here指地點(diǎn)。
【例】This is the house where we lived last year．
注：1．that和which在從句中作主語時(shí)，不能省略；作賓語時(shí)，在口語和非正式文體中經(jīng)常省略。whom也�？墒÷�。
2．關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時(shí)，介詞不能放在它的前面，只能放在從句中有關(guān)動詞的后面。
【例】The village that she lives in is twenty kilometres away．
關(guān)于第65課定語從句的教學(xué)建議
第65課是一段對話，通過妻子向丈夫述說有人偷了她的項(xiàng)鏈的事情。這一課的語法重點(diǎn)是由關(guān)系代詞who, that引導(dǎo)的限定性定語從句。有講解相關(guān)的知識時(shí)，可設(shè)計(jì)圖文并貌的教學(xué)過程，幫助學(xué)生理解和掌握定語從句這一語法難點(diǎn)。
先給出一個(gè)小男孩Tom的圖片，提供以下詞匯：
the handsome
the tall
the strong
the clever
the naughty
用以上的詞匯來描述Tom，形成如下句子：
綜述以上的句子，who在句中指小男孩Tom，在句中作定語，它引導(dǎo)的句子就是定語從句。
請看以下有關(guān)定語從句的例句：
1.The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主語)
2.The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him.
The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab.
The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.
以上例句中的who 可以用that 來代替，在定語從句中that可以指人或物，代替who，whom，which；在從句中可以作主語、賓語，但不能放在介詞后作介詞賓語。如：
This is the photo that (which) I took in Beijing last year.
This is the man that/who lives next door.
Is this the professor that you talked about yesterday? (about不能放在that前面)
定語從句練習(xí)
Which boy do you like better?
Answers list:
The boy who has a big mouth / has not shoes / has long hairs / with laughing.
The boy who wears a green sweater / has a plane / was hurt in his leg/ has little hairs / has big eyes.
The boy who has a blue bag / has a hat / has green shoes.
The boy who has red button / has purple shoes / is wearing a suit.
The boy who wears blue coat / has a red bag / has black shoes.
The boy who is smiling / who is naughty / has brown shoes.
課文Who stole the necklace 的教學(xué)建議
本單元第66課和67課的課文是一幕短劇。講述了格林太太項(xiàng)鏈丟失后，發(fā)現(xiàn)是鸚鵡模仿劫犯的行為將項(xiàng)鏈取走的。教學(xué)中可考慮將這兩課一起進(jìn)行講解。
先看展示劇情過程的一組圖片，聽課文的錄音，熟悉課文內(nèi)容。再講解相關(guān)的詞匯用法等知識。最后可根據(jù)這組圖，讓學(xué)生用自己的話復(fù)述課文。圖片提供如下十幅：
Lesson 65教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案一
Properties: Recorder, Overhead Projector.
Teaching Objectives:
1. Understand the dialogue.
2. Learn the grammar: The Attributive Clause.
Language focus: steal - stole - stolen, shoot - shot - shot, hands up
Teaching Procedures:
I . Showing the teaching aims
II. Revision
Check homework, and get the students to revise the grammar: The Past Perfect Tense
III. Leading in
Say: Last year, my mother gave me a necklace for my birthday. It was very beautiful. It cost me one thousand yuan. Unluckily, I lost it when I went shopping, perhaps someone stole it. Today we're going to tell a story about the missing necklace.
IV. Presentation
Play the tape or for the students to listen and answer the question: What happened to the woman? Check the answers with the whole class. Then listen to the tape again and answer the questions in the workbook, Exercise 1.
V. Practice
Play the tape for the students to listen and repeat. Explain some language points: hear somebody do something.
For example:
1. I often hear him sing in the next room.
2. I saw him coming into the room.
Then let the students act out the dialogue.
VI. Presentation
Write this sentence on the blackboard:
1. The one that cost a thousand dollars.
2. Did you see the person who stole it?
3. I’ll shoot anyone who moves.
Revise the use of “that” and “who”
VII. Practice
Part 2. Go through the dialogue. Then let the students make dialogues using the words in the box. Practise the dialogue in pairs.
VIII. Teaching Grammar
Learn the Attributive Clause, Give the students more examples:
1. The house ( that ) we live in is very old.
2. This is the present (that) he gave me for my holiday.
3. Those are the shoes (that/ which) I lost last week.
4. The cars which are produced in Hubei sell very well.
Explain the grammar in Chinese. (在復(fù)合句中，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有that, which, 和who。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作定語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞常被省去。)
IX. Summary
Exercises in class
Fill in the blanks with that, which or who.
1. Do you know the man ________ came to see Xiao Yang this morning?
2. There are many plays _________ I’d like to see.
3. The people _________ you were talking to were Australians.
4. The train _________ has just left is for Xi’an.
X. Homework
Revise the use of the Attributive Clause.
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