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F(xin)λãW(wng)>̰ȫ>ZĽ̰>Zġc̰

Zġc̰

r(sh)g2024-08-27 17:39:28 ZĽ̰ ҪͶ

Zġc̰

һšбҪM(jn)м(x)µĽ̰(zhn)乤̰ЧԼĽ̌W(xu)ӌ̰ŸأСZġc̰Hϣ܉

Zġc̰

Zġc̰1

̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)

1.J(rn)Rnĵ8(g)_x~

2.иxnģbԼϲgĶ

3.Ʒζnĵă(yu)ZԣcBĝH

4.ߌW(xu)ČB(yng)Z

5.ڳxnĵĻA(ch)ϣw(hu)n_(d)ĸĦΰctĸ錑挍(sh)wġ

̌W(xu)c(din)

(x)^ٶxnץס茑B(ti)(dng)ZԼ茑t(dng)c(din)Z䣬w(hu)N(yn)еĦΰct֮gĸ錑w

nǰ(zhn)

1.̎(zhn)䣺 ýwn

2.W(xu)(zhn)䣺nǰA(y)(x)nѼtĈDƬY

nr(sh)ţ2nr(sh)

̌W(xu)

һl(f)ՄԒ(do)n

1.ҕ_(ti)Ђ(g)(ji)ĿС(dng)c硷^?ffʲô? (ʾnչʾc(dng)C̎DƬ)

2.棬׌҂ͬW(xu)(x)21nn}Rxn}

xnw֪nă(ni)

1.W(xu)(x)@ƪn҂Ҫ^m(x)(x)^ٶȁx߅x߅nķ֎ײÿ֌ʲô?

2.l֪@ԒF(xin)еʲôط?

n

ѸVʮˣһÿ؁tH˘

3.@Ԓcеľһ(g)طһӣll(f)F(xin)

4.tH˘ӡcͺtH˘ӡЅ^(q)e?

5.nķ֎ײֆ?ÿַքevʲô?úεС(bio)}

x˼Y(ji)ϣW(xu)(x)113Ȼ

1.J(rn)xһxnĵصһЩ龰ڌ˺ͺtHһ?һ߅xһ߅עȻ҂

2.(j)W(xu)شC(j)W(xu)(x)nģw(hu)c(din)Z䣺

 W(xu)(x)nĵ3ȻΣ

ăܸܵˌtHһӡ

nڗU߅߅tĹ(ji)䣬ųһƬwİɫwһƪ•ɫĘV

@•ɫĘVݷ ʲô?ݷ𿴵ʲô?ܲܰ҂ ܵx?׌҂(dng)r(sh)Įһxx@

(x)ώx˵ıF(xin)ͬW(xu)xtıF(xin)҂ܲҲ@ôĬ?

 W(xu)(x)nĵ1011ȻΣ

l܁oxһxעHһôx

ͬW(xu)Մt˵۾͕(hu)̩((dng))@(dng)۾ӵ?xһx

ntxļ(x)ǰһֻtwxǰһ죬BBñЪԞǸ[ŕԵǸҸeȥ]ЁҲ]ЁtǼBҸB!ftw̎ԊʮǰtһҾ֪ۂĸ㿴Сģ!K(z)K

lx?@(dng)۾ʲô?

ȥ]ЁҲ]Ё@(g)ʡ̖߀fʲô?

 W(xu)(x)nĵ12ȻΣ

ץסһ(g)Ρx@NH˰xlxһx?

āxx@ԒȻ“(lin)ϵĿһ@εxʲô?ʲô?Ͱゃͨ^@Ԓͨ^εx(ָxRx)(ʾnDƬ)

x˼W(xu)(x)1419Ȼ

1.J(rn)xxڶЩ龰׌벻?һ߅xһ߅עȻ҂һ

2.(j)W(xu)شC(j)W(xu)(x)nw(hu)c(din)Z䣺

 W(xu)(x)15ȻΣ

tzıF(xin)׌벻҂@ԒԼxһx(dng)tҊzr(sh)܉fԒ@B•QfЩʲô?C(j)ʾn

һȺtͻȻw˵zwPB•Q•˄cƽr(sh)һӣǰl(f)ʲô

@ԒԓӁx?һӡôx?

ƌW(xu)(x)16ȻΣ

벻뿴t`һĻ?@ֻt˵zǰ_pᣬ^fʲô(nDƬ)

ָ(do)x16ȻΡ

ntȄ(dng)݆wzǰĿǰհzݵH١ƬϵĬĬעҕ܇Pw.tעҕc˶ق(g)ġŮ^һ(hu)tzǰվ˃СC(dng)Ǟ`İʹ

njW(xu)(x)17ȻΣ

@ӵ龰У҂ҲٴΞ֮ゃ߀ăܵ벻?ġɫu⵽t飬߀һ(g)~ҲwF(xin)(ըˠI^)

ָ(do)x

(18Ȼ)ʡ̖ĺxʲô?J(rn)ߕ(hu)@ʡʲô?ʡ̖c(din)c(din)ݷʲô?

塢չA鱡l(f)

1.@벻žʲô(hu)l(f)?˼һ҂

2.˵e(dng)Є(dng)ÿһ(g)˂ڴ߅һ~(nDƬ)

3.W(xu)(x)@ƪnģ߀ʲôfĆ?

O(sh)Ӌ(j)

21 c t

ι

(H) t

Zġc̰2

̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)

֪R˽⺣ƷL(fng)

^̺ͷͨ^c󺣵ĶԸ

БB(ti)cr(ji)ֵ^B(yng)\(yn){šǻD׿^ĭh(hun)M(jn)п?fn)ľ?/p>

yc(din)

c(din)c(din)ă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)м(x)xĦСfZԺc(din)

yc(din)Y(ji)Ľ(jng)vZԷʹĦĵζ

̌W(xu)ӴO(sh)Ӌ(j)

һnr(sh)

̌W(xu)^̡

һnr(sh)45犣

һ(do)루2犣

һ(g)Ҫ򔡵ģM԰ɾǴ򲻔@Ԓ„҂ҪW(xu)(x)nġc҂ʲôӵܱ򔡡

֪Փ 8犣PPT

1899-1961һĉӲhQl(xing)t(y)ͥСϲg~CL18qM(jn)(bo)磬^ɴ(zhn)‚۱w1954꣬s@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)1961򲻿겡ʹĥ_Ԛx͵һur(ji)sϿy(tng)f׺]Ă(g)˱ȚW(ni)˹غĸ͑B(ti)Ȯa(chn)^Ӱ푡Q顰o(j)20o(j)֮һ

(jin)ľSҪ˽߽ߵ(jin)(qing)^ľL(fng)ČW(xu)LЁij1926l(f)ġ̫՘@F(xin)(zhn)˻ÜеƷɞ顰㯵һĴСR_ѩ犞lQһg(zhn)•ԡͨF(xin)ˇg(sh)@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)ġc

L(fng)һԺQ׷Q늈(bo)ʽLØOZ(chung)L(fng)Ҳܪ(d)āվĹоpP(gun)ZˡҲվPµҲǰ۲Ӳhԡcɣ၆úһԿԸ@Ӳh䱾ɺw(jin)Ը񣺡һ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵M԰ɾǴ򲻔

2P(gun)ڡc

20o(j)ϰҺӛҲǮ(dng)r(sh)㯵һĴһ^RœصĬF(xin)(sh)xy(tng)һڄ(chung)˼̈́(chung)M(jn)˸γ˪(d)صL(fng)1952l(f)ƪСfcڵĴwF(xin)Ą(chung)ɫ(dng)@ߪ(jing)s@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)

c鹝(ji)(f)sһ(g)ɣ؁ϝOBm(x)84]һl~(d)һ˳Th(yun)ںϽ(jng)^ҹIJKڲһlһǧٶĴR~Ȼښw;һll~m(x)ρMˊ^ƴ߀Ǜ]ܵ֓ס~M(jn)صr(sh)R~ֻʣһ޴ĹǼܡ

Y(ji)(gu)Ԣ⣨30犣

1Сf(ji)xֹc~Ďׂ(g)غϵ^ʲô _傀(g)غքec~c~c^~c~cȺ~

2c~傀(g)غУõЩY(ji)˵wrӣR~ СMʽҳ𰸣 һ(g)غϣ~棨GKӣࣩ ܂ R~Ե40 ڶ(g)غϣӣg ւ(yn)أѪ ~Եķ֮һ (g)غϣӣ۔ࣩ Ă(g)غϣ̹ ʹÅ 낀(g)ӱҧ 傀(g)غϣ̹Gѣۣ Oƣֱ^⣩ Hʣ

3ĶпԿӵƷ|(zh)˞ʲôfһ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵ġMɰɾǴ򲻔

_@Ԓɣ؁ă(ni)Ī(d)ҲСfĺľ(dng)ؽʾɣ؁ă(ni)׷Ҳߺ˼^cr(ji)ֵ^ķӳ@ԒζʹNJ^c\(yn)иĿ?fn)mȻRNNȻc(hu)(zhn)ҲS@Щ(zhn)(qing)԰˵wһ(g)ֻҪʢĶ־κDyU(xin)ǰľ˾h(yun)DŽСfеϝOɣ؁mȻK]ܱסR~c~^УF(xin)ocȵšʧ˵(yn)ǾϵĄߡ

4^гF(xin)˺ܶચ(d)еĪ(d)ʲôc(din)?ʲôã

_ijP(gun)ϝOɣ؁c~'茑߀дă(ni)Ī(d)Ҍ(sh)ӛɣ؁ă(ni)Ļ(dng)ںƯ@đB(ti)ͨ^“(lin)ķʽ挍(sh)٬F(xin)˵˼c@Щ(ni)Ī(d)ײH̽ʾ˹ǃ(ni)ĵԺ(jin)ԼԮĹª(d)УWqSSСf˼(gu)СfҪɫСfеӲhӶǡ͹Zȱ˼룬ϝOɣ؁sSă(ni)Ј(jin)(qing)˼֧Є(dng)ˣ˳ɞ麣Сfп̮ɹ֮һ

5п֪ˌ(sh)F(xin)Ը~MM(fi)M¸ҲKĽY(ji)õąsһJ(rn)dzɹ߀ʧ

_@һcȻ@Ą(dng)ǵıÿȡһc(din)ˑKصĴr(ji)⵽oȵʧһNxρfһ(g)?yn)飬\(yn)oՓôD׿^ĭh(hun){ԼšǻM(jn)ˊ^µĿ?fn)R~mȻ]бסsl(wi)ˡ˵`(yn)@ʾˡһ(g)˵ͿԵ_(d)ʲô̶ȡһ(g)ʧһ(g)ʧӢ@һ(g)ӲhӡСfеĴ󺣺~c(hu)cȻc֮M(jn)еF(xin)˟ocȵšʧ˵(yn)mqsϲ]бf@һ(g)wF(xin)fġMɰɾǴ򲻔˼

6 @HHc~ĶСfʲôζ _}ĿǡcϣСfnjһλ˼ںϵĽ(jng)v(sh)H˵O߸ѽ(jng)Խһ(g)˵ĴɞһNɣ؁ǡӲhĴ󺣄t_(ti)~t҂?ni)еĴۡ\(yn)˵һһL(fng)혣(jng)vL(fng)Ҋʺ·;Уɱ҂Ҫ\(yn)ֻн(jng)vc~^ܳɞ鏊(qing)ĸ@һcȻ@Ą(dng)ǵıÿȡһc(din)ˑKصĴr(ji)⵽oȵʧһNxρfһ(g)?yn)飬\(yn)oՓôD׿^ĭh(hun){ԼšǻM(jn)ˊ^µĿ?fn)R~mȻ]бסsl(wi)ˡ˵`(yn)@ʾˡһ(g)˵ͿԵ_(d)ʲô̶ȡһ(g)ʧߣһ(g)ʧӢ@һ(g)Ӳhӡǵ͵ĺʽСf20o(j)30Ժl(f)һЩƪСf茑һЩȭţʿC˵@ЩŒһN۲(jin)(qing)挦ġӲhӡԸcɣ؁@NԸİl(f)չcAСfеĴ󺣺~c(hu)cȻc֮M(jn)еF(xin)˟ocȵšʧ˵(yn)mqsϲ]б򔡡f@һ(g)wF(xin)fġMɰɾǴ򲻔˼

7˂QƷС늈(bo)ʽL(fng)ڱ@Nc(din)ЩwF(xin)

_

1Y(ji)(gu)ϵĆμٵ鹝(ji)֦˹ԸһrֱӳֻϝOɣ؁һ(g)鹝(ji)ҲҪLJ@R~IJ@Լ˶c~֮gIJ^μС(jng)cԭM(jn)˃ɰٶεУԼfcԌһǧôLСfдfеÿ(g)Լô\ӳܽӵһ^̡Ȼе٘ZhȥЄeˌ^Ė|hȥ˽ጡӑՓhՓIJȥһлGGı˺oףʹСfμ

2ʹ^茑ַ^ʹ~؄eAoMֱˮ(dng)?sh)Ĕ?dng)rČԒӺZR(zhn)_(dng)ɣ؁@һr(sh)ĹPҪ挍(sh)(dng)٬F(xin)c~Ĉ~ā݃ͣ˵ijӭ(zhn)C(j)C(dng)猑~F(xin)Σ(dng)һɰɫѪһӢĺȻɢ_ĕr(sh)͏ˮĵطZρεôʲôҲһ_{(ln)ɫˮӿF(xin)̫ꖹ¡@茑]һ(g)~~ă͡΄ݵľoȅsչʾxǰϴĔֺͷ(f)NճZʹxR侳֮Ќ󺣵茑֫Eqһˮīɽˮxĕ

3r(dng)Ą(dng)茑ͺČԒڏĸXҕX|Xȥ̮cxߵľxs̵޶Һֱӱ¶飬ǰY(ji)ںѸٵĄ(dng)N(yn)ȻĻߺČԒxԼȥw(hu)猑c~Ĉ棺^~߭~^ϵĕr(sh) óǗl~Ƥ_`•@N茑˵Ҋ„xx(hu)^һȻͬӵĸXͬ@ͬoͬϲ׌xȥ猍(sh)ȡӡDcx֮gȥK¡Ҫ׌cxֱӜͨ@Ҳ@ƪСfĈ茑ĵһ(g)Ҫԭ

4׷һN⾳(jng)Աɽ(chung)f(chung)Ҫϵıɽ˷֮һ¶˷֮ߑ(yng)ԓ[ˮ¶ˮ[ˮµ˼ԽrԽ⣬ʹˮ¡IJ韴߀ַʹƷN(yn)⡣

I(y)á2犣

nxġc300ҵĸ

O(sh)Ӌ(j)3犣

Ӳh _(ti) ~ ۶\(yn)

Zġc̰3

̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)

1W(xu)(hu)n10(g)(hu)6(g)(hu)J(rn)ּ9(g)~Z

2иxnͨ^nľwZw(hu)ct֮gĦΰ˺̈́(dng)֮gĸ錑w

3bnĂ(g)Ȼ

̌W(xu)c(din)

w(hu)ct֮gĸ

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ĦΌct֮g`挍(sh)wر_(d)ġ

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n

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2nr(sh)

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һnr(sh)

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1W(xu)(hu)n10(g)(hu)6(g)(hu)J(rn)ּ9(g)~Z

2˽nă(ni)W(xu)(x)nĵһw(hu)ˌtϲۺo(h)֮

3ͨ^“(lin)ϵLĮܵct֮gĬ

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w(hu)ˌtϲۺo(h)֮

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LĮ棬ܵct֮gĬ

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һՄԒ(do)룺

҂ͨ^ĹP|ܵ؈Ŀɐ?yn)TKľĺo(h)˵BcܺC̎󺣵˂Ȼܱ@Щl(f)c(dng)֮gһĻĻ׌҂?yu)֮?dng)҂߀ҪW(xu)(x)һƪl(f)cB֮g挍(sh)Ĺ¡n}̎mr(sh)(qing){(dio)tֵ`P혹P

W(xu)(x)n֡~

1zA(y)(x)~xr

1ͬx໥ӆ

2ָx(qing){(dio)

xunuܣsϴģmȣshn(dng)

ըˠIƣsh

3Rxӏ(qing)ӛ

2ָffЩڌҪעĵط磺Ъհ

3~˼磺

֓P(yng)D졪•ߵͣDD(zhun)

HǡʮHܡ

A(y)(x)ĻA(ch)xnw֪nă(ni)

(x)_xnһ飬ע⌢nֺ~x(zhn)_

ՈĬxnn㶼xЩ(ni)ݣ֮ͬ໥νһ¡߀ЩĆ}W(xu)ܕ(hu)|(zh)ɣʲô(hu)l(f)벻顱̎O(sh)‘

J(rn)Ĭxn‡@n}Ҫʲô£ͬr(sh)µĽY(ji)(gu)

ʮһιB(yng)tctY(ji)ȥẗ́exȥ

ģ(do)W(xu)W(xu)(x)113Ȼͨ^nоw茑w(hu)ct֮g顣

1Ĭx˾ĺo(h)tIJһ˺ͺt֮gӵĸ飬ǏnеЩطw(hu)һҪע

2(j)W(xu)R(bo)M(jn)нc(din)c(din)W(xu)(x)ƒ(ni)ݣ

1ιt

ץס茑˄(dng)ġˡ顱茑tġ(yng)•ߡιtĄ(dng)֮gǷNĬ“(lin)ϵc(din)茑Įܵߵıǡ(dng)

(x)xʾn߅x߅߅@L(fng)ct֮g@擴ĸĄ(l)W(xu)@Ԓb

2t

ٌW(xu)ԼԒνB@փ(ni)ffԼĸ

ָx49ȻΡ

(g)˞һСMֽɫ(x)x@ώg  ĽMܱF(xin)ct֮g@H֮

3Մt

ٌW(xu)Մ̎СY(ji)ft(ni)ϲ^ʮÿ궬˶߅ιtL(fng)o˺ͺtǣHһ

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I(y)

1^m(x)(x)_иxn

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^ɣ@ӵ龰ȫ˂yfl(f)W(xu)벻ܓQ(g)~Z᣿ʼδȣ

W(xu)(x)nĵڶ֣

1ָxwܺt˾ӵУ

2M(jn)жĬx߅x߅ǏЩطw(hu)t˵һ(hu)Լw(hu)Ĝ(zhn)ͬW(xu)M(jn)н

3ͬxȡЄ(dng)һMR^ͬW(xu)Լw(hu)ġ

1R^һt˵`zwPB•Q

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ՈY(ji)茑P(gun)Zһ®(dng)r(sh)Ĉ㮔(dng)r(sh)ڈ@ɫuw(hu)ʲôtc˵ĸ̫ˡ

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1׌W(xu)W(xu)(hu)ֱW(xu)(hu)(jin)(qing)¸ҡԗľ

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һnr(sh)

һ(do)ZO(sh)Ӌ(j)

(dng)҂[ښgͯ꣬(dng)҂߸¶Lѽ(jng)ע҂HHҪ˻߀˻µăU(xin)҂жһ(g)~Zۡ!@ֆĺ@ؐpȰcʷFoһ(g)һ(g)ĴȻɹˣؐҲɹʷFҲɹͳąsʲôʹ|wˏ(qing)?ʲôʹď(qing)?׌҂һͬM(jn)Q顰F(xin)ӢԒĂﺣСfcØ㌍(sh)oAUx

M(jn)ߣ

ՈͬW(xu)ԼՄռP(gun)Y̎

(18991961)F(xin)20o(j)ČW(xu)ҫ۵֮һƷF(xin)˵һ(zhn)һwԡ㯵һĴQ20o(j)ĩص˲СȭO񡢫C˵Ȟ˹ĶƪСf(chung)ˡӲhӡԸ

ec犞lQ̫ճ𡷵

Сf鹝(ji)

ʲôӵĹ°l(f)?

ՈW(xu)СfҪ(ni)ݡ

_ϝOɣ؁{ںBm(x)84DžsBһl~Ҳ]ڄeĝO˛Q85γȥԼ\(yn)֮ںϽ(jng)^ҹIJKڲһlһǧٶĴR~Ȼښw;һll~m(x)ρMˊ^ƴ߀Ǜ]ܵ֓ס~M(jn)صr(sh)R~ֻʣšĹ(ji)xľǏ~F(xin)˻صO۵IJ֡

1.ᆖСf(ji)xֹc~Ďׂ(g)غϵ^?ʲô?

W(xu)ش傀(g)غքec~c~c^~c~cȺ~

̎a(b)䣺һǹª(d)ˣһǏ(qing)ğo(sh)~һߣһǏ(qing)^l(hu)? 2.ᆖc~^傀(g)غУõЩ?Y(ji)?˵wr?R~r?

W(xu)ش

һ(g)غϣ~(G)K()܂R~Ե40

ڶ(g)غϣ(g)ւ(yn)~Եķ֮һ

(g)غϣ(g)()Ѫ낀(g)ӱҧ Ă(g)غϣ̹ʹÅ

傀(g)غϣ̹(G)()OƣHʣ ̎a(b)䣺

ͨ^ϱ^҂Կˌ(sh)F(xin)Ը~ǣMM(fi)M¸ҲKĽY(ji)õąsһf˳ɹˣfʧˣJ(rn)˵ʧ߀dzɹ? W(xu)ӑՓشl(f)]ԡ ̎_

ʧ^sһo@;ɹڲ(zhn)(zhn)ңϵĄ

ڶnr(sh)

һp

1.ᆖСf鹝(ji)˵Ը? W(xu)ӑՓش𣺈(jin)(qing)¸oη挦ʹӲhӵ

̮ˇg(sh)ֶΣСf˷r̓(ni)Ī(d)׵ˇg(sh)ֶΣʹ˵SȻ

2ᆖW(xu)ҳ~.茑 شٶȿ졢X`ӏ(qing)(zhn) 3ᆖ˾(x)茑~к? ش𣺃ߌr˵¸ǻ

̎a(b)䣺Ξ鷴rڌ֮(qing)wԸ֮(qing)ڸf^˸Ă̈́(qing)ij̶ֻнì܌Ă̈́(qing)ij̶ȲܺСfٵطO茑~Ķrгɣ؁ĄB(qing)

4ᆖÿһβ֮Сf˵@к?

ش𣺑(zhn)֮һN_o(sh)茑׌˿˵ă(ni)ģ(jin)^K(zhn)Լի@ʳ

ҪZ

һ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵MɰɾǴ򲻔

@˵һλغ֮ă(ni)Ī(d)ҲǴСfĺľ񣬳wF(xin)ɣ؁ԒԷ֞ɲց⣬ǰV҂Ȼc(hu)(dng)زҪRһЩĥy@Щĥyȫ|w@Ĵ䣬挦ֻҪһN^ľһw(jin)(qing)`ô(zh)^ľĥ硣

x

}ĿǡcСfnjһλ˼ںϵĽ(jng)v(sh)H˵O߸ԣѽ(jng)Խһ(g)˵ĴɞһNɣ؁ǡӲhӡĴ󺣄t;~t҂еġ(qing)\(yn)˵һһL(fng)(jng)vL(fng)Ҋʺ·;Уɱ҂Ҫ\(yn)ֻн(jng)vc~^ܳɞ鏊(qing)ĸ

̎СY(ji)

У܉һеIJǏ(qing)һ˲ď(qing)ߡ㑪(yng)(dng)ȑ(zhn)Խ䌍(sh)Եğȥʲôӵ߁Ҍʲôӵȥ׌҂ÿһ(g)˶иŬԘ^B(ti)ӭδ(zhn)

O(sh)Ӌ(j)

c

һ(g)غϣ~(G)K()܂R~Ե40

ڶ(g)غϣ(g)ւ(yn)~Եķ֮һ

(g)غϣ(g)()Ѫ낀(g)ӱҧ Ă(g)غϣ̹ʹÅ

傀(g)غϣ̹(G)()OƣHʣ SĿ(bio)

֪Rcܣ

1˽ҺƽcČW(xu) 2Ճ(ni)Ī(d)׌΄(w) ^c

ڷ鹝(ji)^Ёɣ၆@λӲhҳă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)һ_ľSă(ni)硣ͨ^̎O(sh)Ӌ(j)}(do)W(xu)˼ӑՓĶnĵ֪Rc(din)

БB(ti)cr(ji)ֵ^

W(xu)(x)˵ݔ?sh)B(qing)

̌W(xu)c(din)鹝(ji)ҳ(ni)Ī(d)ףӲh

̌W(xu)yc(din)Ճ(ni)Ī(d)׌ ̌W(xu)龳l(f)}̽ӑՓ ̌W(xu)(zhn)䣺ýwn

nr(sh)ţ1nr(sh)

̌W(xu)E^̣

һ(do)

[nǰҕlp(do)]

ͬW(xu)pǴϤϲgҕеľƬ----ՓʲôǡͬW(xu) Xúòţţ񺆆Ǹc(qing)Ĕˣ֣oՓֶô(qing)ҪMǻšŗԔҪ҂һW(xu)(x)100ČW(xu)Ʒ֮һ̱ʽ30ČW(xu)Ʒ֮һġc˹ɣ၆硰ӲhԸôƵĵطՈͬW(xu)nģn@ʾn}c

nǰСyԇeČW(xu)е䣩[nչʾ]

ߺ[nչʾ]

ģ¹[nչʾ]

c@ƪСf@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)@ƪСfĄ(chung)زāԴһλŰϝOH(jng)v@ƪСfĹ鹝(ji)dzСfǹŰһλ(jng)ɣϝOɣ၆ѽ(jng)ʮδ~ڵڰʮһ(g)˳h(yun)ںϽ(jng)^ҹIJKڲһlһǧٶĴR~Ȼښw;R~s~ԵĹ(ji)xҪc~龰СfRY(ji)βIJҲСf鹝(ji)*

壩n鹝(ji)

?yn)Сf(ji)xIJֱ^LЎ׶97ȽoһЩʾҿԸ(j)c~ɴβ(dng)󷵸ۻؼҰȫķ֞˂(g)֡[W(xu)ӑՓ_][nչʾ] }̽

1.ʲôrc~ӶBM(jn)вģ w˥ƣ^ۻ܂ ֳ]ʳȱoԮ 2.СfʲôҪL~ă ~ӶBȺY(ji)(du)(qing) ȡČ

3.Ⱥ״c~Y(ji) ~暢һl

õӚɗl

õӚһ^

ö̹˃ɗl

ö̹Ⱥ~

ÿ΄KصĴr(ji)K⵽oȵʧ 4.c~IJ ˡ--ȻҶ\(yn) ----(qing)(zhn)Ԕ 5.οɣ؁ʧ

@һcȻ@Ą(dng)ǵıÿȡһc(din)ˑKصĴr(ji)⵽oȵʧǣһNxρfһ(g)ߡ?yn)\(yn)oՓôD׿^ĭh(hun){ԼšǻM(jn)ˊ^µĿ?fn)R~mȻ]бסsl(wi)ˡ˵`(yn)@ʾˡһ(g)˵ͿԵ_(d)ʲô̶ȡһ(g)ʧһ(g)ʧӢۡ@һ(g)ӲhӡСfеĴ󺣺~c(hu)cȻc֮M(jn)еF(xin)˟ocȵš⣬ʧ˵(yn)mqsϲ]бf@һ(g)wF(xin)fġMɰɾǴ򲻔˼

6.ɣ؁ǂ(g)ӵˣ

Ӳh󣺹ª(d)\(yn)ؚFw˥^(jin)g

IʹؚF߱MȫϣB(qing) һ(g)R\(yn)^ŗӲhӣ

һ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵ġM԰ɾǴ򲻔

----ɣ؁

7.еĪ(d)ʲôc(din)?ʲô ijP(gun)ϝOɣ؁c~茑߀дă(ni)Ī(d)Ҍ(sh)ӛɣ؁ă(ni)Ļ(dng)ںƯ@đB(ti)ͨ^“(lin)ķʽ挍(sh)٬F(xin)˵˼c@Щ(ni)Ī(d)ײH̽ʾ˹ǃ(ni)ĵԺС(jin)ԼԮĹª(d)WqSSСf˼(gu)СfҪɫСfеӲhӶǡ͹Zȱ˼룬ϝOɣ؁sSă(ni)Ј(jin)(qing)ԣ˼֧Є(dng)˳ɞ麣Сfп̮ɹ֮һĿ̮ԸͱF(xin)}ɷ

ߣO(sh)Ӌ(j)

ˣnչ

1.ɣ؁@ʲôl(f)fԒӖ(xn) һ\(yn)Rҡ2.xcI(lng)򵽺ܶ˵ĵǶ挦yď(qing)ՈһƪxУ800ңӛԼxի@Ӗ(xn)

̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)

1иxnģbԼJ(rn)ʮ־ʵZƬ2ָ(do)W(xu)Ĭxn֪J(rn)RϝO挦ȻηڲӢ󣬲pƷζоʵZ3(do)W(xu)Y(ji)nă(ni)w(hu)c(din)_(d)˼4W(xu)J(rn)Rơt(hu)IơȡtZ⡰ӛIơ砵t~~Z5(do)W(xu)nxJ(rn)Rc@һăr(ji)ֵ

̌W(xu)þߣýwn

̌W(xu)ţnr(sh)

һnr(sh)

һՄԒ(do)

_ČW(xu)ĚvʷLкܶгu(y)cƷ҂ҪJ(rn)Rһλ@ӵңʾ^ƬxһƳƷչʾһcȫxn}

xnġ

1x(zhn)_ͨ 1R֌

ȡjucl(f)򡱵ġġ(qing)ġͬ

gc(g)g•{(dio)ͬǰ•֞•

2׌W(xu)^MֲM~Z ꣨e 루I砣 ɳʒ Zt 3~Z

ӛ˻Ų磺

IIˮ߅ˮĵطˮĵط ᵣᵽͻ뺣еļεꑵЌ޵ġ–ĺᵡָе@Nεꑵء

һָɽȣͻָijijd𡣱ָЍu?sh)ͻ?/p>

УЌڴ^ϡǡ˼

teֹȻ壬 Ӣλһ0.9072н k`̤ñۉ衢ֺ ׹⣺ijЩ|(zh)Ħ(dng)늲l(f)Ĺʯ(jng)չڰ̎(hu)l(f)GɫĹ

˺̈́(dng)w(ni)w(jin)ӲĽM

Ĭx(bio)ȫĶҪvЩʲô(ni)oԼӡ龰ʲô

@ƪnСfĿsȫֻ13(g)Ȼɷ֞Ă(g)֣

һ֣13ȻΣǰrˉҊϵĪ{кoף\(yn)

ڶ֣49ȻΣںϵr^ס˴RĪĴ~h(yun)ĺ

֣10ȻΣwеrһȺ~uc~M(jn)@U(xin)Kҵ󲫶

IJ֣1113ȻΣظۺr˂^~Ĺк˯։ҊϵĪ{ӡ

ڶnr(sh)

һ(do)룺

죬׌҂(x)(x)ƷζҺPµϝOɣ၆Ăͬһȥ(jng)v@Ą(dng)ǵĈ档

뼚(x)xƷζ _̽(ni)

ՈͬW(xu)?yu)g[nģЩ׌ӡW(xu)

ϝOcR~^̵Ĉ ϝOc~^̵Ĉ

W(xu)(x)̽ϝOcR~^ 1ʾxʾ

ָxW(xu)(x)ʾ

_W(xu)(x)ʾIJE 2W(xu)(j)W(xu)(x)ʾW(xu)(x) 3(j)W(xu)شc(din)

߀]ֿ~o^z ָx

ƽ

~ˮϵľGU؉ˮ ˮһӢ̎

صý˲

O˶ƽoˮƯ

ϝOĄ(dng)^zڼ^zվoƴ֧ס

w(hu)ϝOMcR~ֿR~ƺںϝOŲæ

Ă(g)^Ժ󣬡ҵҲҪһ Ž

ٴ~fСĺȥ ϝO(dng)סڼϵ䓽z (dng)~ҵҲҪһ w(hu)ϝOҪ(jin)ֵףQ;U w(hu)678Ȼεă(ni) 1

ϝOĄ(dng)o^zס^z(dng)֓^zď

ڴ~ıF(xin)һӰϵ˴^߅ˡ¶

۴~󣺜ɫ砵ƵβL

2xϝO•fԒ

3ӣҪ׌֪ʲôһ(g)܉kõʲôһ(g)ܵס

“(lin)ϵϝOĄ(dng)Z(dng)~Ļ(dng)^̣˼

ʲôһ(g)܉kõ

mȻR~(qing)η֣QҪ*

ʲôһ(g)ܵס

(jin)ֿ˷ƣw֧L(fng)Օҹĺȵ

СY(ji)@һԒԿ̹ʎă(ni)_(d)ĿIJTݵĂ(g)ô׌ܹԒZ׌҂ӛX

4bƬΣꖹ¡һ(x)LĘ

Y(ji)^ɣϝOֽ(jng)vһ(g)ҹIJֱסһʹ߸ߵeOʹȫѝOM(jn)~@ֻR~Kȥ

5ʾ

߀]~ʳ~^Ųæ Ă(g)^Ժ~fСȥ ҹϝOڴ^

̫c~dzƣ һ(g)ҹ^m(x)܂ ñMⲫ~K

6Y(ji)ϸw(hu)ͬW(xu)ϝOһںĴcR~죬˕r(sh)댦ϝOfʲôʾD׌W(xu)

ԌW(xu)ϝOc~(ni)ݣJ(rn)R

1\(yn)ÌW(xu)(x)ϝOcR~(ni)ݵķԌW(xu)ϝOc~ă(ni)ı

~M(jn)ϝOıF(xin)~ıF(xin)

һl޴~(zhn)ÝO~^ȥwıƽβ_죬~βҧȥ

Ѓɗl~ӵĴ~^O(sh)ʹ~¶һɴKõ~һlĕr(sh)߀ҧµ~⣻

һlڴk~

~ֳȺZһеù ק¶ѣֱסһһȥ ~߀ǏĹ˺ҧһKK~ 2Y(ji)ϱ(ni)c(din) ʾӣ

һ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵MܰɾǴ򲻔

x@ԒY(ji)ϱ(ni)Մ?w)W(xu)

挦~uҊR~ѽ(jng)ҧÚȱȫr(sh)]ʧȥšϣš挦ʧ

?yn)麦ʧ׷ɹ@ߡ Ҫһ(g)(qing)͑(yng)(dng)挦ʧŗ׷

Ə㿴ϝOӵԸ

ϝOԔH˵(yn)͹ǚ

xb@Ԓ

ӑՓ

Y(ji)ȫă(ni)ӑՓҊJ(rn)ϝOdzɹ߀ʧfɡW(xu)

ϝOһ(g)ɹϣF(xin)һN挦y澳ġӲhԸwF(xin)ˡ˿Ա磬ܱ򔡡@һNľ

I(y)

1ϝOoӵӡԡxcиС鸱(bio)}һƪxҪԔMһ(g)(bio)}

2bJ(rn)鱾Ќʮ־ʵƬ

3nՈѡcԭȫıҁxһxһxի@

O(sh)Ӌ(j)

c

׽R~η

ɣ၆

c~ڲ

Zġc̰5

֪RĿ(bio)

(do)W(xu)Yϴµ˽⺣ƷL(fng)

B(yng)Ŀ(bio)

1Y(ji)Ľ(jng)vZԷʹĦĵζ

2(do)W(xu)ͨ^xץסҪţСfҪ(ni)M(jn)c(din)ă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)м(x)xĦСfZԺc(din)

B͸Ŀ(bio)

B(yng)\(yn){šǻD׿^ĭh(hun)M(jn)п?fn)ľ?/p>

c(din)yc(din)

c(din)

1(do)W(xu)c(din)ă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)м(x)xĦСfZԺc(din)

2B(yng)\(yn){šǻD׿^ĭh(hun)M(jn)п?fn)ľ?/p>

yc(din)

Y(ji)Ľ(jng)vZԷʹĦĵζ

nr(sh)

1nr(sh)

̌W(xu)E

һ_Ŀ(bio)

1Y(ji)Ľ(jng)vZԷʹĦĵζ

2(do)W(xu)ͨ^xץסҪСfҪ(ni)ݣM(jn)c(din)ă(ni)Ī(d)M(jn)м(x)xĦСfZԺc(din)

3B(yng)\(yn){šǻD׿^ĭh(hun)M(jn)п?fn)ľ?/p>

w֪

һߺ

ErnestHemingway18991961һĉӲhQl(xing)t(y)ͥСϲg~CL18qM(jn)(bo)磬^ɴ(zhn)‚۱w1954s@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)1961򲻿겡ʹĥ_Ԛx͵һur(ji)sϿy(tng)f׺]Ă(g)˱ȚW(ni)˹ءĸ͑B(ti)Ȯa(chn)^ӰQ顰o(j)20o(j)֮һ

(jin)ľSҪ˽߽ߵ(jin)(qing)^ľL(fng)ČW(xu)LЁij1926l(f)ġ̫՘@F(xin)(zhn)˻ÜеƷɞ顰㯵һĴСR_ѩ犞lQһg(zhn)•ԡͨF(xin)ˇg(sh)@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)ġc

L(fng)һԺQ׷Q늈(bo)ʽLØOZ(chung)L(fng)Ҳܪ(d)āվĹоpP(gun)ZˡҲվPµҲǰ۲Ӳhԡcɣ၆͡úһԿԸ@Ӳh䱾ɺw(jin)Ը񣺡һ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵ģM԰ɾǴ򲻔

Ժl(f)һЩƪСf茑һЩȭţʿC˵@ЩŒһN۲(jin)(qing)挦ġӲhӡԸcɣ؁@NԸİl(f)չcAСfеĴ󺣺~c(hu)cȻc֮M(jn)еF(xin)˟ocȵšʧ˵(yn)mqsϲ]бf@һ(g)wF(xin)fġMɰɾǴ򲻔˼

˂QƷС늈(bo)ʽL(fng)ڱ@Nc(din)ЩwF(xin)

1Y(ji)(gu)ϵĆμٵ鹝(ji)֦˹ԸһrֱӳֻϝOɣ؁һ(g)鹝(ji)ҲҪLJ@R~IJ@Լ˶c~֮gIJ^μС(jng)cԭM(jn)˃ɰٶεУ醣ԼfcԌһǧôLСfдfеÿ(g)Լô\ӳܽӵһ^̡Ȼе.٘ZhȥЄeˌ^Ė|hȥ˽ጡӑՓhՓIJ֣ȥһлGGı˺oʹСfμС

2ʹ^茑ַ^ʹ~؄eAoMֱˮ(dng)?sh)Ĕ?dng)rČԒӺZR(zhn)_(dng)ɣ؁@һr(sh)ĹPҪ挍(sh)(dng)٬F(xin)c~Ĉ~ā݃˵ijӭ(zhn)C(j)Cݣ(dng)猑~F(xin)Σ(dng)һɰɫѪһӢĺȻɢ_ĕr(sh)͏ˮĵطZρεôʲôҲһ_{(ln)ɫˮӿF(xin)̫ꖹ@茑]һ(g)~~ă͡΄ݵľoȅsչʾxǰϴĔֺͷ(f)NճZʹxR侳֮Ќ󺣵茑֫Eqһˮīɽˮxĕ

3r(dng)Ą(dng)茑ͺČԒڏĸXҕX|Xȥ̮cxߵľxs̵޶Һֱӱ¶ǰY(ji)ںΡѸٵĄ(dng)N(yn)ȻĻߺČԒУxԼȥw(hu)猑c~Ĉ棺^~߭~^ϵĕr(sh) óǗl~Ƥ_`•@N茑˵Ҋ„xx(hu)^һȻͬӵĸXͬ@ͬoͬϲ׌xȥ猍(sh)ȡӡDcx֮gȥK¡Ҫ׌cxֱӜͨ@Ҳ@ƪСfĈ茑ĵһ(g)Ҫԭ

4׷һN⾳(jng)Աɽ(chung)f(chung)Ҫϵıɽ˷֮һ¶˷֮ߑ(yng)ԓ[ˮ¶ˮ[ˮµ˼飬ԽrԽʹˮ¡IJ韴߀ַʹƷN(yn)

yc(din)̽

1ᆖ˞ʲôfһ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵ġMɰɾǴ򲻔

_@Ԓɣ؁ă(ni)Ī(d)ףҲСfĺľ(dng)ؽʾɣ؁ă(ni)׷Ҳߺ˼^cr(ji)ֵ^ķӳ@ԒζʹNJ^c\(yn)иĿ?fn)mȻRNNȻc(hu)(zhn)ҲS@Щ(zhn)(qing)԰˵w磬һ(g)ֻҪʢĶ־κDyU(xin)ǰľ˾h(yun)DŽСfеϝOɣ؁mȻK]ܱסR~c~^F(xin)ocȵš⣬ʧ˵(yn)ǾϵĄ

2ᆖеĪ(d)ʲôc(din)?ʲô

_ijP(gun)ϝOɣ؁c~茑߀дă(ni)Ī(d)ףҌ(sh)ӛɣ؁ă(ni)Ļ(dng)ںƯ@đB(ti)ͨ^“(lin)ķʽ挍(sh)٬F(xin)˵˼c@Щ(ni)Ī(d)ײH̽ʾ˹ǃ(ni)ĵԺ(jin)ԼԮĹª(d)УWqSSСf˼(gu)СfҪɫСfеӲhӶǡ͹ţZ࣬ȱ˼ϝOɣ؁sSă(ni)Ј(jin)(qing)˼֧Є(dng)˳ɞ麣Сfп̮ɹ֮һ

I(y)

ɡӑc(x)һ

5.߶σZĵھnc(ji)x֪Rc(din)

1.nԾ侫x

(1)һ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵M԰ɾǴ򲻔

(2)֪ǂ(g)ҲҪ,@]@(g)š̈́e(dng)ڌք㲻ρGĘǽmqsҪDzԺ͟oڽ㡣

2.䡶cur(ji)

(1)˼PµӰһ״˂ЧƷеĻ~sr(sh)(bo)

(2)һN(qing)ҵԸԇDԼĿ(qing)҂ԱһNӲh󡭡(dng)ډr(sh)Ǿͱض(hu)F(xin)ȫĄđ(zhn)͈AMĽY(ji)ؐ

(3)׺]Ă(g)˱ȚW(ni)˹ءĸ͑B(ti)Ȯa(chn)^Ӱ푡sϿy(tng)

(4)Ǯ(dng)Ȼx֮һͻƂy(tng)µL(fng)ַδ(yng)}ĵҪČW(xu)uՓ¡

3.P(gun)־Ʒ|(zh)

(1)l]l͛]ǻۡ_

(2)]Ђ־Ͳ۲Ŵ͠

(3)ˮʯ(jin)g囶Ĭ

(4)l;(dng)ul־;l¶Qĺȱ`ԣlɵϡZ˹

(5)ʹ־@ɵ;׌־[Óڠ

Zġc̰6

nġctvһ(g)˵ĹʮǰںżһȺwԽļttĴctY(ji)˲֮ÿ궬RtȺY(ji)(du)؁֮Ҳss(hu)Ƶģÿ쵽֮ȥιtL(fng)o衣ҕt郺Ůoιĺtö֮tc˽Y(ji)xȻһȥt˵zǰwPB•QC(dng)Ǟ`ġŮx_ԼHnĽY(ji)(gu)ɷ֞ɴ󲿷ǰ벿ͨ^ιt􆾺t֡ctHеfԒF(xin)ˌto˽Đһքtͨ^tzǰwPCQеȱѮչʾ˺t˵Ƿ𺳵顣nZԘ㌍(sh)ƽаx^˟oc(dng)@擴ĸ(dng)

̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)

1xиct֮g飬˽µ`

2W(xu)(x)茑t(dng)~Ķ׌W(xu)J(rn)R(dng)`Ե҂Hܵѣ҂κһݸܵõļӱ؈(bo)

3ͨ^W(xu)(x)nĵļ(x)(ji)茑W(xu)(hu)挍(sh)wر_(d)M(jn)ZԷe

̌W(xu)c(din)

(x)^ٶxnģץס茑t(dng)c(din)Zw(hu)N(yn)еĦΰct֮gĸ錑wġ

̌W(xu)^̣

һp(do)롪ˌt

ͬW(xu)ͨ^һ(ji)nČW(xu)(x)ctSS஋һo̵ӡ҂һһ(ctC̎W(xu)^)

ʲô(W(xu)Մ)

fһ(g)M~ZHct񡪡fHһӡ׌҂һM(jn)DŽ(dng)˵龰ǷݝHn}

O(sh)Ӌ(j)Dpːۺtpːۺt񣬼l(f)W(xu)W(xu)(x)dȤʹW(xu)ܵ@һλͨݹˣͬr(sh)һλеĸ鶼ںtϣ@Nct֮gyԸĝȾ¸׌˄(dng)ݣҲڶnr(sh)w(hu)t˵xϵķP

Ԟ^顪t˵

1ɣ(dng)҂Ҷct@HCcҸ֮Еr(sh)һ(g)ҵϢˣʾPPTx]뵽^ʮȻ˸V҂ȥˡ

2r(sh)˂f^Ըf(dng)x_r(sh)ϣ܉zŴ߅׌ٿһġŮ˂zԸڰz񎧵߅r(sh)sl(f)һ벻ՈͬW(xu)x1519Ȼ߅x߅Щ׌Є(dng)cͬ

(1)x׌Є(dng)IJ

2g,ܵһNʲô?һ(g)~ݴ˕r(sh)˿̺t

tʲô(hu)@ӵ?

O(sh)Ӌ(j)D(do)W(xu)}xM(jn)W(xu)(g)Իx׌W(xu)ԌW(xu)׌W(xu)wϸ֪n@óxw(yn)

3.˰Ѻt(dng)H,tҲˮ(dng)H,еЩطt˵H?

4.R(bo)

A(y)O(sh):

A.һȺtͻȻw˵zwPB•Q•˄cƽr(sh)һǰl(f)ʲô

(1)(do)W(xu)ץסc(din)~ZһӡᆖtĽ•cʽcƽr(sh)(hu)ӵġһӡ

2ώゃĻش(dng)֪t˕r(sh)ǽģʾPPTtB•ƺfʲô

3ͬW(xu)tһ••еĺ@Ӡ߀бlܰ@NXx

ҷһֻжֱĺtͬW(xu)҂һ@ԒxһxRx

ɣtwPB•QС˅sʼKһ(dng)(dng)tKףѽ(jng)h(yun)h(yun)xȥǣڴ߅?yu)eһ˵YЩط܉wF(xin)t˵һƬH˰

BtȄ(dng)݆wzǰĿǰհzݵH

1ܵʲôĂ(g)~ܵ

2W(xu)fհհ˼հָĿһָ˵𾴣ǂˆW(xu)ӑՓR(bo)

3xt@NH˰Ĝ߀Ќ˵c۴᣿ָx

C^һ(hu)tzǰվ˃C(dng)Ǟ`İʹ

1w(hu)ʲôl(f)Ҋ

2ãͬW(xu)]۾F(xin)һֻtõ\cףͽo˰ɣ]۾\

_ゃp@`r(sh)\ĸxиRx

3ʮǧ(g)ÿ춼һ˛]ڶ߀Ǜ]ֱĕr(sh)˲Ųۘǵ؁ιtιtĕr(sh)˵ϣӏ˹һӵĻ@3ֻһXúc(din)ˣst@һEeͬW(xu)ゃx16Ȼ茑tľӣώx茑˵ľ

ͬW(xu)ץסc(din)~w(hu)@ǺܺõČW(xu)(x)҂^m(x)

D(dng)҂òzĕr(sh)tըˠIƵijz^•Qǘӽ҂òײŏ@Ƭw(dng)İɫuÓ

1@һζֵôҺúw(hu)ʾPPTlxһx@һ

Ոһx

2xѡ䡱xɡw֣(do)W(xu)ӑՓвW(xu)ӑՓR(bo)

3@ɡ䡱xr(sh)~Ҫ(f)(hu)_(d)벻ЧώЄ(dng)ˣ@ĽǶһԸSһֻֻt^γһӣɫu

@һ@Ą(dng)׌˞֮(dng)ݵYͬW(xu)xһx@xtһƬ

xՈ(g)wxՈur(ji)

xώѮ(dng)r(sh)ɏ挍(sh)Ƭˣһ(du)հ`r(sh)'ƬһǺt䡱^ȥƬʾPPT䱯Сx_һ졷ؽftվɃһ(dng)(dng)`ppغǰ]ЃŮ׌҂ăŮ׌҂?yu)`\˵z񲻵òˣtһеē^•QУҪ@Ƭ׌҂ٿ҂Hһoς(g)ɣͬW(xu)ĕ҂һفиx1617ȻRx

5ͬW(xu)һ룬ʲôԭ(hu)l(f)@ӵ벻R(bo)

?yn)ǰtI(xin)o˽ĐۣԲŕ(hu)кt벻e(dng)@ӱѵĈ棬@׌҂˾ιB龰ʾιB棩x

ڗU߅߅tĹ(ji)ųһƬwİɫwһƪ•ɫĘV

(ji)ࡱ`l֪(ji)cʲôP(gun)

ιtĹ(ji)ӵ

ιtĹ(ji)ҲǕr(sh)r(sh)ġ

ιtʲôr(sh)r(sh)

˼ϿǺt˵Ĺ(ji)䣬Œ(sh)tĹ(ji)߅߅ָx

tĶˣԵÿՈgxxx

tøԵøgՈgxxx

tԵĝMҲٶȣl@Ӂxxx

@ĺtwİɫVһƪ------•ɫĘV

@•ɫĘV ʲô

˺t•߀ ʲô

ゃַ·Ҋʲô

ゃô ôܵô࣬ܲܰ@ԒxһxԼlxָx

ʮÿ궬RL(fng)oŮһctSͬV@ĸ衪W(xu)x׃QɵԊԡz?

^ɣһ֧ѽs׃һױİ裬RxһȻ

O(sh)Ӌ(j)D

ZĽ̌W(xu)Ҫx鱾xռ^؄ex̌W(xu)Уx_•鲢ïxֻ(ni)ǘӵx̌W(xu)ǚȱx̌W(xu)һҪҪxvxn茑tľӌ÷dz(dng)Ҳʮָˡ̌W(xu)ҕ(hu)xw(hu)Y(ji)ڌW(xu)Ʒζnĺmr(sh)ָ(do)W(xu)x؄e(do)W(xu)ؑF(xin)(sh)c˸er(sh)Ĉ(do)W(xu)w(hu)tʲô`Оʲôá䡱áwıcĽY(ji)(hu)ʹW(xu)w(hu)txȻͨ^x¶ϲȡͬʽxxָxxxŮxِxRxW(xu)xdȤ_(d)xvxĿ

ԒƷζctH

1:ǰ˵w߀ǺttҲһ߀кööԒ˴˃AV׌҂һ@(g)Ը

Ԓ

1һֻ(jng)ιB(yng)^ĺt挦Hˡ(hu)fЩʲô

2ؑcŮtһĻĻ挦ʹ^ĺt(hu)fЩʲô

2

O(sh)Ӌ(j)Dݴ˭h(hun)(ji)O(sh)Ӌ(j)(do)W(xu)򡢷eۺ\(yn)Z^B͸ZĽ̌W(xu)w(hu)кăr(ji)ֵʹZnõġZζЩ(do)W(xu)ԽıAԼxw(yn)͸M(jn)һnּ(do)W(xu)nw(hu)c(dng)֮gõ׌W(xu)xƷI(lng)Bͨ^Խıx׌W(xu)׃ǻ׃

չAc(dng)C̎

1ô\Zô(dng)˵ct֮gŸЄ(dng)˺ܶܶ˂ڴ@ィһ(g)ܣʾPPTffMĘЦ܇tȻwôCĈͬW(xu)@λ׌҂ʥ(du)Y@λƽւ˱_(d)(du)Tߵľ

2һӐo(h)(dng)߀кܶд҂F(xin)ځ һ׸裺QĹ¡ϣ҂ÿ(g)˶P(gun)ۄ(dng)̈́(dng)ƽ̎

O(sh)Ӌ(j)D

h(hun)(ji)Ľ̌W(xu)O(sh)Ӌ(j)ʹW(xu)`x`A w(yn)`_(d)ڌW(xu)ZB(yng)γcl(f)չʹW(xu)ի@,˼µn_ʼµ̽

Zġc̰7

̲Ķλ

c(ji)xDzZxԱσԵԪĵھƪ@ƪСfչF(xin)cȻ֮gһ@Ą(dng)ǵIJһ(g)†ε挦U(xin)ĴǑY(ji)ƺҲDzԶȻСfsͨ^IJչF(xin)һNԔľ

x@ƪµĕr(sh)Ҫ@@һʧӢ۵xw(hu)Сfٝힵġ˵`(yn)Ʒxc~傀(g)غϵIJw(hu)(dng)?sh)Zͬr(sh)ҳ˵ă(ni)Ī(d)w(hu)F(xin)ԸԼʾּ

B(yng)Ŀ(bio)

1.˽⺣ƷeČW(xu)R

2.˽СfСfҪ(ni)Ʒ˼(ni)

3.xεˇg(sh)ַՃ(ni)Ī(d)׵Ą(chung)ַ̽ӑ

4.ϝOʥ؁ӲhԸW(xu)(x)\(yn){šǻD׿^ĭh(hun)M(jn)п?fn)ľ?/p>

̌W(xu)yc(din)

Сf̽ӑƷ˼(ni)

̌W(xu)

̽c(din)ܷ

̌W(xu)^̡

һ龰(do)

(dng)F(xin)(sh)ĿL(fng)EҵĴ҂֮r(sh)(dng)Ӌ(j)҂òL(fng)̤P(yng)h(yun)֮r(sh)҂ԓӵˑB(ti)挦L(fng)׌҂߽ġcһҴ

֪Փ

1.˽ߡ

1899--1961(dng)ČW(xu)֮һҲǃɴ(zhn)֮gЂɫʺͪ(d)؂(g)ԵĽܳ^Ց(zhn)˽Űđ(zhn)1941ЇLؑcܕ(hu)Ҋ^ܶ^6ƪP(gun)ЇՑ(zhn)Ĉ(bo)(zhn)Y(ji)ӹŰ1954{c@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)ز1961_Ԛ

2.(chung)

c@ƪСfǸ(j)Œһ(zhn)Y(ji),ƾӹŰ,J(rn)RϝO׸W˹1930,˵ĴڱL(fng)г],˹˺Ĵ,c˹Y(ji)x,(jng)һ~1936,˹h(yun)һl~,@l~̫,ں˺Lr(sh)g,Y(ji)ښwб~u,؁r(sh)ֻʣһǼ

3.ǰ

һ(g)ʥ؁ϝOBm(x)84]һl~(d)һ˳Th(yun)ںϽ(jng)^ҹIJKڲһlһǧٶĴR~

nĹ(ji)xc~龰СfRY(ji)βIJҲСf鹝(ji)ĸ߳sռȫ֮һc(din)茑c~傀(g)غ

4.˽⡰ɽՓ

ڡ֮:һλɢҌ댑Ė|Д(sh),ôʡ֪Ė|,x,ֻҪߌ挍(sh),(hu)(qing)ҵظXʡԵĵط,ѽ(jng)˳ɽںƄ(dng)f(yn)ꂥ,@?yn)ֻа˷֮һ¶ˮ@ǺġɽՓ

5.˽⡰Ӳh

ӲhָƷгF(xin)һϵ@ЩȭţʿC˵,һN۲(jin)(qing)Ը,挦,挦ɸ׃\(yn),F(xin)һN(zhn)־,˵(yn)š

c(din)ܡ(d)ʽ茑

ָСf\(yn)˴(ni)Ī(d),HҌ(sh)ӛʥ؁ă(ni)Ļ(dng),ںƯđB(ti),ͨ^“(lin)ķʽ,挍(sh)٬F(xin)˵˼c@Щ(ni)Ī(d)ײH̽ʾ˹(ni)đ(zhn)ֵٌԺ挦yĈ(jin)Լo@ԮĹª(d),WqS,SСf˼@@ƪСfҪɫ

ָ(do)

һ

ֱӃ(ni)Ī(d)

ֱӃ(ni)Ī(d)@һN(d)茑@ӵĪ(d)וr(sh)ȟo߽ҲoO(sh) ԌRֱչʾoxoнxf@fҲfBͬ"f"""֮(do)~ЩՓĕʧ˻ʧ

gӃ(ni)Ī(d)

gӃ(ni)Ī(d)ׄtһλo֪gչʾһЩδԱزֱӏRһ߄tͨ^uՓxx(d)ṩ?q)?/p>

۟o֪茑

o֪茑һλo֪ҽ茑ľ(ni)ݺR(dng)^ͨ^\(yn)Ây(tng)Ĕº茑@NRM(jn)

ܑԪ(d)

ʽ(d)ֱӏﵽxo߽gsһ F(xin)R޵Ҳ(ni)Ī(d)ǘӺo

\(yn)ê(d)ʽ茑'ԭt

ّ(yng)ضضh(hun)Юa(chn)ضă(ni)Ī(d)

ֻP(gun)I鹝(ji)(dng)F(xin)r(sh),Ű֮ԱҪă(ni)Ī(d)

ۃ(ni)Ī(d),ҪŬF(xin):(x)΢ĸ鲨͏(f)s׃^

w\(yn)á

ᘌеһ»ijNF(xin),һ,UԼĿ,Ҫ\(yn)ê(d)ʽ茑

ʾ:

ںLһΕr(sh)g,ԻЇ(sh)H\(yn)еđ(yng)ԇ͸eĿ^|(zh)Ҳ֪(yng)ԓȥ̎@NP(gun)ϵ(yng)ԇČ(sh)x͹ɫ`һ֮ȥ,|(zh),׌ijʧȥ˽,Ҳʧȥ˽Ŀ(bio)ȡ@(g)(hu)m(x)(yng)ԇ,kͨ^@һP(gun),ȫ(sh)ʩ|(zh),Ҳkӳɞ|(zh)̎ĕr(sh)@һ(g)r(sh),@һ(g)^(f)s˲Ϣf׃ĕr(sh)ãȻˡ

ּ

@һͨ^Ƕ~¶~۲϶~^,һ(g)FPPӲh,ʥ؁ӢB(qing)ľ,wF(xin)ҪB(qing)Zȡ,¸ҵ挦ʧđB(ti)

زķeۡ

1.԰Ҵh(yun)(hu)ҴҴwh(yun)򔡲ҵ

2.cţ(zhn)ţţ

3.ÿ(g)˶һuһ(g)˱@(jin)̵čuZȻܳɞꑵһ

4.ֻҪӋ(j)^ʧ]ʲôܿ˷

5.ƫ(zh)ǼŹֵĖ|ƫ(zh)˱Ȼ^Լ_Լ_˼L@NԞ_ֱĿ

Zġc̰8

W(xu)(x)Ŀ(bio)

1(hu)J(rn)ơȡt7 (g)(hu)IơtZ10 (g)_xӛIơ砵t~~ZeԼϲg~Z;

2w(hu)c(din)_(d)˼ϝOɣ၆ӲhԸW(xu)(x)(jin)(qing)־h(yun)򲻿ľ

3иxnpƷζоʵZⱾSx

W(xu)(x)c(din)

ɣ၆cR~~ץסc(din)ӷɣ၆oηֵľ

W(xu)(x)yc(din)

ץסɣ၆(dng)(dng)茑ľw(hu)ɣ၆ӲhԸ͟oηֵľP(gun)I~ڱ_(d)ⷽⱾSx

֪R朽

Сf1954ZؐČW(xu)(jing)@l(xing)t(y)ͥСϲg~CLtʮ֕(hu)܇(du)˾C(j)ӵһ(zhn)ԺLړ(dn)vWӛӛ݅ӵڶ(zhn)(ni)(zhn)ƪСfcˇg(sh)ǺswͶNF(xin)ַijɫ\(yn)ČW(xu)^һČW(xu)SWҶ@ܵӰ

c@ƪ茑SxַǸ(j)֮gijN“(lin)ϵijijľwԱF(xin)ijNĸ˼籾n~yʹۡǡ(dng)?sh)\(yn)ַԌijЩ^ľƷ|(zh)wĿԸ֪Ķox̵ӡxĶox¾׽ζ

W(xu)(x)^̣3nr(sh)

A(y)(x)zy

1xƴ~Z

din j hi bn p ji

( ) ( ) ( )

ju q lin do li qi

( ) ( ) ( )

Xio s sh y g g

( ) ( ) ( )

2ֽM~

루 I Ƣ

ࣨ _ ơ

f 죨

ȣ Z

3xһxٷŒ~Z

ãttּL

4x~

ƣM ݲ ȱȫ 泯 Ųæ

1~ ~˶ƽoˮƯ

2~ѽ(jng)oҧã 

3һ(hu)~ yɫĶƤˮρK

4ɣ၆ѽ(jng) ˰M(jn)éڴ˯

5~εǰeֹ (yu)t

[xnx(zhn)Rӛ֣~əzyͬ]

(do)֪

1c ijСf˹  rK ښw;  Ĺ˵ҿ Ă

2Օr(sh)g?q)nķ֞IJÿҪ(ni)

һ֣

ڶ֣

֣

IJ֣

[Ȥ(do)n}֪nҪ(ni)½Y(ji)(gu)]

x

1W(xu)(x)ǰr

1Ĭx1~3Ȼҳ茑ʵZѸעڕ

2xΣ

@(x)TҊͯķޣLĽSɫĺ׵ô۵ĺˮ–ĺɫĸɽİããču߀ dŭ̖

@Ԓ茑 ͨ^

Ⱦ茑׌҂ܵ˾ F(xin)ˌȻ ԼcȻ 

ķ޺߅߀У 

[ץסZƬM(jn)pW(xu)(x)h(hun)茑ķӖ(xn)]

2W(xu)(x)cR~ƬƷζ

g[n4~9ȻЩ׌ӡڕעСM 

1~ܴăԿ

ӑc(din)

߀]~ʳͻȻҊˮϵһGU؉ˮ^z(dng)һˮһӢ̎һlR~ڳ^^ϵɳ~^zXһlӲĖ|صý˲

~Ųæ~˶ƽoˮƯ˰^zڼְ^zվoƴ֧סֿ~o^z

wF(xin)~󡰵ľУ

 茑ϝOĄ(dng)~ZУ

@Щ(dng)~˺ʹR~ ׌҂ܵ˵ 

2˄឵~r(sh)r

Ă(g)^ԺǗl~fСĺȥסڼϵ^z룺]kҲқ]k@r(sh)ôҪкĎȻֿɑzǗl~˲ϡ~ҵҲҪһ

茑~ľǣ 茑ϝO(dng)~ZУ 茑ľǣ

ĝOĄ(dng)茑҂w(hu)ϝO ľ

3c~r

x6~8Ȼ˼

ٌϝOĄ(dng)ľǣ 

ڌ~ľǣ 

۴~ĘӵP(gun)ϡ~~~

c(din)x

ꖹҫ^ɫ砵ƬƵβˮ]Lһһ(x)L'Ę

@\(yn) oַ  ı҂w(hu)˴~ 

ϝO•fԒϡ--

Ҫ׌֪ʲôһ(g)܉kõʲôһ(g)ܵס

һ(g)܉kõġָ  һ(g)ܵסġָ @һԒԿ

Ă(g)

ݰՕr(sh)gʾ~xƒ(ni)

߀]--~ʳ~^Ųæ

Ă(g)^Ժ--~fСȥ

ҹ--ϝOڴ^

̫--c~dzƣ

һ(g)ҹ--^m(x)܂

--ñMⲫ~K

xw(hu) ľ˕r(sh)˿댦f 

[ץס(dng)Z茑ƷʾW(xu)(hu)]

3ԌW(xu)c~

1Ĭx10Ȼɱ

~M(jn) ϝOF(xin)

һl޴~

Ѓɗl~

~ȺZ

2c(din)䣺

һ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵ģM԰ɾǴ򲻔

ҵǣ w(hu)ϝO ľ

4ɣ၆@(g)茑SxՈⱾSx

ˡ

R~

~



к

[ĬxԌW(xu)ƷxW(xu)(x)]

Y(ji)

1ӑՓϝOdzɹ߀ʧf

2(dng)yr(sh)ɣ၆ϵõʲôʾ

3. bJ(rn)鱾Ќʮ־ʵƬ

4nѡcԭȫıҁxһxһxի@

[ur(ji)f“(lin)ϵ(sh)HՄܣb(jng)Ƭnxӏ(qing)e]

_(d)(bio)zy

һoмc(din)ע

( ) ( ) ( )

۝n( ) һ( ) k( )

~Zеe(cu)e

¾( ) ( )

[( ) ΣU( )

ȺY(ji)( ) oȭ^( )

̖ǡ(dng)?sh)~Z

( )ĺ ( )Ė|

( )β ( )

( )؉ ( )^z

߅һԒеĄ(dng)~ԭĵһ(xing)ǣ 

ͣ¶ֻ֣ סһһεأȥ

A. ȡ B.G

C.G ק D. ק

Ҫ󌑾

1~һB(yng)һҪŪüc(din)~ӣ

2һִLѩ׵ļs䣩

3˜ˮ͸Ğ־䣩

4˛]б~Ğ鷴䣩

xɾ(x)

ҲҧoP(gun)

ǂ(g)@Ą(dng)ǵĹ@ӵģ_غӬKʵɽվɽh(yun)̎аɫĘȺꖹ׃˷^{(ln)L(fng)ɂ(g)˸d㵸ڽKՄµz@һyõ

Ǐ@(g)r(sh)_ʼ_һ_̤ߴ|˂(g)SfYȥ܇Ƕ͵ɽʯ]ץֵĵط̶̵һ˲װl(f)ʲôRһҧסɷ(dng)r(sh)ڵĔzh(yun)̎L(fng)ͬr(sh)ҲTԎr߅}֮gסһØ_ؑڿУP(gun)oҧņŝ׼(x)XГ(dn)һ(g)ߴ|wȫһ{(ln)ƴɽʯ֮gLl(f)һL(fng)hP(yng)܏ںһСr(sh)^ο;@r(sh)ĬX촽类ѪȾrtrtˆ܉ͦôLr(sh)gش𣺡(dng)r(sh)^Xֻһ(g)^һɿ_ؿ϶(hu)֮@(g)L˳w

˂l(f)F(xin)ҲҧoP(gun)

1á--_һ_ȿՕr(sh)ΣU(xin)ľ

2һ{(ln)ƴɽʯ֮gʲôoַʲô

3ʲôXҧס_һ(g)Сr(sh)

4⡰ҲҧoP(gun)@Ԓģ

Zġc̰9

̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)

1.˽⡶cƷĹ

2.Y(ji)茑Ʒζ˼Ը

3.?q)W(x)ϵǷN\(yn)Ȼ(zhn)ěQĺš

̌W(xu)c(din).

Y(ji)茑Ʒζ˼Ը

̌W(xu)yc(din)

(do)W(xu)w(hu)茑Ըϵ

nr(sh)

1nr(sh)

̌W(xu)^

һ(do)n

֪ˌƪֻЎʮ퓵СӶ@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)һ(hu)еyŵ@Œ(sh)@(g)˾Ǻ@СӾǡcСfһ̈́(chung)ʷϿǰļo(j)䛣48Сr(sh)۳530fƷڮ(dng)ͫ@ߪ(jing)֫@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)

ߺ

(ʾƬ)һ(g)۴C~^һ(zhn)đ(zhn)^237KƬ^Ͽp^57?bio)ڷރɶwC(j)ʧ(yn)صXʎʹҕͽÿr@ǺĽ(jng)vӲhԸ

Ʒ

(ʾcDƬ)@ƪСf茑һλª(d)ĹŰϝOڼձȺ~ǰl(f)һϵ@Ą(dng)ǵĹĶһ(g)؉Ȼփ(yu)L(fng)ھϲɑ(zhn)ٵ

.}ӑ

(1)˫@ٵԭʲô?

@š͈(jin)g.^֧˵wϣ֧˵ľ񣬶(jng)(yn)ʹ˫@ϣϵʥ؁ǻ۶ǿHеw֪R͙C(j)ǶǿHİ֧Լȡ@һεĄ

(2)ڃ(ni)ЌR~ʲôB(ti)?

R~֎Čڌͬr(sh)֎oٝP(yng)Z⌑R~ĸcoxչʾcҏě]Ҋ^ߵĖ|ϵ܁ҺҲںllR~ˈ(jin)(qing)һ(g)ČֺˉĖ|

(3)w(hu)ʥ؁˵ă(ni)Ī(d)ՄһՄ㌦ӡ

(jin)(qing)(zh)pԷŗ挦\(yn)۲ϵӲhӢ

ǺıࡰӲhӝhŵ]ЏΣU(xin)ĬF(xin)(sh)С˅s¸ҵؽܬF(xin)(sh);{Լ־(chung)ˬF(xin)(sh)AǷdz̕KKĄںĹPǂ(g)ҪԽO޵

4W(xu)ʲô?ҪՄһՄ

.СY(ji)

cL(fng)mȻsǧNٟľ˹ʥ؁粻\(yn)ܹª(d)įľߌ\(yn)ԔC

.(x)

һЩ n

O(sh)Ӌ(j)

c

()~((qing))

(jin)(qing)(zh) c

Zġc̰10

һn(bio)Ҫ

n(j)ͨZn̘(bio)(zhn)(sh)(yn)n̘(bio)(zhn)ᵽZṉ횰l(f)]ă(yu)ʹW(xu)ܵ(yu)ĻѬγɽõк͊^l(f)ϵB(ti)M(jn)ñ(ni)cW(xu)L“(lin)ϵ(do)W(xu)J(rn)R(hu)J(rn)RҎ(gu)(sh)F(xin)nڴM(jn)˵ȫl(f)չăr(ji)ֵ׷

W(xu)

߶W(xu)ܱ^İ̌W(xu)ǰM׌W(xu)Լ(dng)һЩnY܌ƷL(fng)һ`˽mȻǹ(ji)xȻĽW(xu)бMܵСf}j(lu)c~^傀(g)غijMζW(xu)醚v^ԑ(yng)ԓ“(lin)ϵ(sh)H

SĿ(bio)

֪R˽⺣ԼČL(fng)

ᆖСf(ji)xֹc~Ďׂ(g)غϵ^ʲô

W(xu)ش傀(g)غքec~c~c^~c~cȺ~

̎a(b)䣺һǹª(d)һǏ(qing)ğo(sh)~һһǏ(qing)^l(hu)

ᆖc~^傀(g)غõЩY(ji)˵wrR~r

W(xu)ش

һ(g)غϣ~棨GKӣࣩ܂R~Ե40

ڶ(g)غϣӣg ւ(yn)~Եķ֮һ

(g)غϣӣgࣩ Ѫ낀(g)ӱҧ

Ă(g)غϣ̹ ʹÅ

傀(g)غϣ̹Gѣۣ OƣHʣ

܉һеIJǏ(qing)һ˲ď(qing)㑪(yng)(dng)ȑ(zhn)Խ䌍(sh)ğȥʲôӵ߁Ҍʲôӵȥ׌҂ÿһ(g)˶иŬԘ^B(ti)ӭδ(zhn)

Zġc̰11

̌W(xu)Ŀġ

1иxnct֮gĸ顣

2ڸc(dng)֮g擴ͬr(sh)W(xu)(x)ΰ@N挍(sh)wر_(d)M(jn)ZԷe

̌W(xu)c(din)

(x)^ٶxnץס茑B(ti)(dng)ZԺ茑t(dng)c(din)Zw(hu)N(yn)еyΰct֮gĸ錑w

W(xu)ǰ(zhn)䡿

1տP(gun)ڄ(dng)﷽ĿҕP(gun)עt

2ռP(gun)ڡtˡǑcY

̌W(xu)(ni)ݡ

һnr(sh)

һW(xu)(x)߆Ԫ(do)x_W(xu)(x)Ҫ

(ÿһԪČ(do)xǺбҪ׌ͬW(xu)˽(hu)_@һԪnĵ}ʲôҲ(hu)\(yn)W(xu)(x)M(jn)ЌW(xu)(x)@ͬW(xu)ČW(xu)(x)W(xu)(x)ĿĶ^_W(xu)(x))

(do)

һ(dng)ҲĐ@һԪ҂M(jn)(dng)Sȥc֮g擴

xnw֪nă(ni)

1ͬW(xu)ͨxȫA(y)(x)ĻA(ch)߀Щ~]Ū?

2СM̎עѲҕռͬW(xu)W(xu)(x)rԱM(jn)ָ(do)

3wСM(ni)δQĆ}?gu)Q

4]nҪʲô?(do)ͬW(xu)nķɾֲ

һ(113Ȼ)ͨ^ιt􆾺tctHеfԒʾˌto˽Đ

Σ(1419Ȼ)tzǰwPCQеȱѮչʾ˺t˵Ƿ𺳵

u~W(xu)(x)ͨ^A(y)(x)СMώҪעⅢcͬW(xu)W(xu)(x)˽W(xu)(x)rָ(do)Ҫʽ;˭h(hun)(ji)(do)ͬW(xu)µ}j(lu)M(jn)ƒ(ni)ݸľ(x)

xn|(zh)

1ͬW(xu)ñ^ٶxn]nЩط؄eЄ(dng)?ЩطɆИ(bio)ע

2СM

3wͬW(xu)Ɇ̎עռ

uɄt˼ɴM(jn)ͬW(xu)nă(ni)M(jn)̽˭h(hun)(ji)ע(do)ͬW(xu)Ѓr(ji)ֵĆ}

I(y)

ڶnr(sh)

һ(do)

@(ji)n׌҂M(jn)ctȥ܄(dng)c˵

x˼Y(ji)W(xu)(x)113Ȼ

1Щطw(hu)ct֮gP(gun)ZM(jn)ע

2wץסҪM(jn)⣺

š˰ɶСķں߅ćr_һtȺ̱һȺt(yng)•’ߵøɸɃڗU߅߅ţtĹ(ji)ųһƬwİɫwһƪ•ɫĘV

(˵Ą(dng)ôct֮gôĬCץסߡf߰tȺʳĘӌ(dng)tw龰c(dng)C̎Ą(dng)龰)

ơںtQ•֓P(yng)Dسʲô(c)(x) ԭHص׃{(dio).طԒ(d)_^t족ɳ

(ͨ^x҂Ը֪ˌtHtĐ)

ǡѽ(jng)һɫ^r(sh)¡˵茑ܸʲô?

(ڃso˽،tĸ@ԴˌtĐ)

3x113ȻΣxw(hu)͸ָ(do)xˌtĐ

uעѳɞ߶ΌW(xu)(x)һNҪĿ]ʽ̌W(xu)Ҫ׌ͬW(xu)(dng)P(dng)Px

W(xu)(x)ڶֲ

1x1419Ȼ]zĵطl(f)ʲô벻?Y(ji)nă(ni)ͬW(xu)ӑՓʲô(hu)l(f)@ӵ?

W(xu)(x)R(bo)һ¡벻顱

(t˵zwPB•Q݆wzǰĿtzǰվɃC(dng)҂zr(sh)ըˠIƵē^)

ʲô(hu)l(f)@ӵ?

(?yn)麣tһҲиҺS˽ĸʧȥһλеy^)

2xnڕĿհ׵طw(hu)͸ȻСM(ni)M(jn)нȫཻ

štȄ(dng)݆wzǰĿǰհzݵH

(ץհһ~w(hu)t˵ľ𾴺Ͱˮ(dng)H)

ơ^һ(hu)tء

(ץC(dng)~w(hu)t˵)

ǡtըˠIƵġ

(á䡱áw?(do)ͬW(xu)t•QƺfЩʲô?ġɫuw(hu)t˵IJ˵һƬ)

3ָ(do)ͬW(xu)(f)xw(hu)t˵ĸ

u˭h(hun)(ji)Ľ̌W(xu)w֪ͬW(xu)˼Sc(din)

W(xu)@ʲô?һɾԒһ

(ͬW(xu)ɾڕόȻw)

unĵĿY(ji)һNͬW(xu)PķʽֹώfҲM(jn)ˌӖ(xn)

չ

ռP(gun)t˅ǑcYԪ}J(rn)Ro(h)(dng)(dng)؈(bo)ԐͬW(xu)Y(ji)(jng)(yn)ռYՄ?w)ĿcȻѺ̎h

Zġc̰12

̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)

J(rn)Rnĵģ(g)_x~

иxnbԼϲgĶ

Ʒζnĵă(yu)ZcBĝH

ߌW(xu)ČB(yng)Z

ڳxnĵĻA(ch)w(hu)n_(d)ĸĦΰctĸ錑挍(sh)w

̌W(xu)c(din)

(x)^ٶxnץס茑B(ti)(dng)ZԼ茑t(dng)`c(din)Zw(hu)N(yn)еĦΰct֮gĸ錑w

nǰ(zhn)

̎(zhn)䣺ýwn

W(xu)(zhn)䣺nǰA(y)(x)nѼtĈDƬY

nr(sh)ţ2nr(sh)

̌W(xu)

һl(f)ՄԒ(do)n

ҕ_(ti)Ђ(g)(ji)ĿС(dng)c硷^ffʲôʾnչʾc(dng)C̎DƬ

׌҂ͬW(xu)(x)ڣnn}Rxn}

xnw֪nă(ni)

W(xu)(x)@ƪn҂Ҫ^m(x)(x)^ٶȁx߅x߅nķ֎ײÿ֌ʲô

l֪@ԒF(xin)еʲôط

n

ѸVʮˣһÿ؁tH˘

@Ԓcеľһ(g)طһll(f)F(xin)

tH˘cͺtH˘Ѕ^(q)e

nķ֎ײֆÿַքevʲôúεС(bio)}

x˼Y(ji)W(xu)(x)Ȼ

J(rn)xһxnĵصһЩ龰ڌ˺ͺtHһһ߅xһ߅עȻ҂

(j)W(xu)شC(j)W(xu)(x)nw(hu)c(din)Z

Zġc̰13

̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)

1._J(rn)xnе~

2.W(xu)(x)nĵһץסc(din)~w(hu)ˌto˽Đۡ

3.иxn

̌W(xu)yc(din)

ָ(do)W(xu)ZƷζZI(lng)ZԱصͨ^xf_(d)

̌W(xu)^̣

һ(do)nԒ}

҂һͬM(jn)M(jn)l(f)ʮǰһ(g)挍(sh)ƽsĵĹRxn}ct

xn(do)|(zh)

(һ)Rı~

1.W(xu)ĬxnҪx(zhn)xͨ

2.ʾ~M(f)Ʒζ

졡ըˠI

(yng)•wP

֓P(yng)D졡B•Q

䡡ɫu

3.x@ɽM~fһfXгF(xin)ӵĮ?@ɂ(g)Ă(g)㡰벻?

()Rı(do)|(zh)

1.g[n}

xn֮ʲô}놖?

(}A(y)O(sh)w{˾tʲô?tʲô(hu)˲e(dng)?)

2.RtО.벻

xn⡰벻

ĬxːۺtľӲLԇע@ʮһÿ첽жʮֻ˽otͲtͺtHһӡչ_Ʒ

(һ)A(y)O(sh)һ

ѽ(jng)һɫ^r(sh)һ(g)ɫ{(ln)BbBʳĴϴҲõɫ

1.ץסɫƷxһ(g)ڃۺt

2.⡰ʮˡһ(g)ª(d)ˌtI(xin)o˽Đ۵ġ벻

()A(y)O(sh)

˰ɶСĵطں߅ćϡwһƪ•ɫĘV

1.@ιtһ(g)(x)(ji)茑J(rn)Ă(g)~(dng)?Կʲô?

2.(chung)O(sh)龳x

3.⺣tȻϵĬˡ벻

()A(y)O(sh)

ںtQ•֓P(yng)Dسʲô(c)(x) ԭHǵ׃{(dio)ĵطԒ(d)_^t졯ɳ

1.龳x֪ˌtHǾHˡһ

2.ڳǧfֻt˾Ȼܜ(zhn)_ءJ(rn)ˡ벻

()A(y)O(sh)

txļ(x)ء㿴Сģ!KK

1.@Ԓxˌt(Մtr(sh)ҸtĠ)

2.ָ(do)xÔM•~KK

Y(ji)

ʮĶǧ(g)f·̰˾@ctr(sh)߿ձPtȺMo޵tҲ@λġHˡӿ(dng)ǧfZ

((j)W(xu)_Ԓ(ni))

1.W(xu)ɌԒ

2.

뾳䁉|

(dng)҂˴ˑѴףԸĕr(sh)˅sooh(yun)x_˴x_˺t()

1.x

2.R벻

h}ı

Y(ji)nĺҵYJ(rn)˵һ(yng)ԓǵһ

Zġc̰14

W(xu)(x)Ŀ(bio)

1˽⺣Ʒ

2˽ϝOɣ؁ӲhW(xu)(x)(jin)(qing)־h(yun)ݲľ

3˹ìԸW(xu)ԵJ(rn)֪

4W(xu)(x)еZɫ

W(xu)(x)c(din)

1˽ϝOɣ؁Ӳh

2˹ìԸ

W(xu)ָ(do)

1RӛxA(ch)֪R

2bx

1(f)bx}j(lu)´

2ֽMӑՓϤƒ(ni)ݵĻA(ch)Ϸc(din)

֪R朽ӣ

B

20o(j)ϰҺӛҲǮ(dng)r(sh)㯵һĴһ^RˡœصĬF(xin)(sh)xy(tng)һڄ(chung)˼̈́(chung)M(jn)˸γ˪(d)صL(fng)1952l(f)ƪСfcڵĴwF(xin)Ą(chung)ɫ(dng)@ߪ(jing)s@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)

F(xin)1954@ZؐČW(xu)(jing)Сc̫՘𡷡e犞lQ

W(xu)(x)^̣

һoмc(din)עA

)(

֨)ңM(jn)(

)~ȣk(

𤣨)ҺM(jn)(^

Φ)U(

ν֣A

1¾

2߬סe

3ҿ

4}n

5Fμ׵

xnw֪A

ɣρλ\(yn)Bm(x)84]в~85(jng)^ҹIJKڲ@һlһǧٶĴR~w;~F(xin)ˡ

nĹ(ji)x֏@_ʼxn±

һεڶεεĴε

(sh)

(zhn)

Y(ji)

Y(ji)¹(ji)xҪ(ni)ݾǣw;c~¸Ҳ傀(g)غ(j)@傀(g)غϿԷ֞傀(g)

м(x)ZF(xin)ʲôӑՓC

1˞ʲôfһ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵ġM԰ɾǴ򲻔

2@ЩЛ]һKµo~ɴɳĮбg'طһϵһж@ùp۾ˮһ{(ln)J(rn)ݔ?sh)ġ?/p>

3F(xin)ڲȥȱʲôĕr(sh)ԓһ{F(xin)еĖ|ʲô

Pµǰ۲ӲhԱеɣρՈ?jin)c~傀(g)غҳһЩ(x)(ji)C@NӲhB

W(xu)(x)˼

лA(ch)֪RɣρӲhZԁ

I(y)

xnw(hu)c~ļ҈

(x)xnw(hu)еZɫ

xn˽ɣρì

1µZɫ

1ֱˮ(dng)?sh)Ĕ?dng)rČԒ˾g~F(xin)r(sh)

磺~ijF(xin)żȻ(dng)һΰɫѪһӢĺȻɢ_ĕr(sh)͏ˮĵطfρεôʲôҲһ_{(ln)ɫˮ͸F(xin)̫ꖹ

2ª(d)

2ɣρìԸ

ϝO˵ıK\(yn)Ǻˇg(sh)ϵ۹ⷴ(jng)^ɴ(zhn)(zhn)˂߀δ(zhn)ĐсÜʧȷNN_˂(zhn)(hu)һƬyֵľ(zhn)(hu)ķNNQF(xin)oľw϶˺Ą(chung)^һ@ҲϝOɣ၆nϵıF(xin)֮һ

Ǻh(hun)ƪepصɣ၆ه|(zh)ȫ(ni)(zhn)صĴ~ṩչʾoȵšĈW(xu)ǶȁvһζS|Č⮋

~ǐ

еġ룺܉ȥ̫@Ҫһ̫Ըқ]឵@l~(d)ڴϵĈ(bo)@ԒF(xin)ĺôôQ

3cZ

1ÿһ춼һ(g)µ\(yn)(dng)ȻǺõ^Ըֺ@\(yn)ĕr(sh)(zhn)

2^Ԓf؁]һ׵

3һ(g)˲Ҫo򔡵MԵɾǴ򲻔

4ꑵϿյƉK@r(sh)ɽ–ֻʣһLlGɫľЩɫСɽˮ˿̳ʬF(xin){(ln)ɫĺֱl(f)

5F(xin)ڲȥȱʲôĕr(sh)ԓһ{F(xin)еĖ|ʲô

6˲ϣǺɵ

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9rϲ֪˶ٴa(b)ŪǏһ@Щa(b)ꖹʳS\ͬɫ

10^˲Ǟʧ

Zġc̰15

̌W(xu)Ŀ(bio)

иxnct֮gĸ

Ҫ(ni)ץסnеc(din)~ظܺtĦΰѺtc֮gЌw

̌W(xu)yc(din)

(x)xnģץס茑tĄ(dng)ОZw(hu)tĦߵΰ˵Ќw̌W(xu)^̣

һ(do)nԒ}

1҂SnһͬM(jn)Ĵ֮M(jn)l(f)ʮǰһ(g)挍(sh)ĵĹ2Rxn}ct

W(xu)(x)n

1ɿٵxx(zhn)xͨ߅x߅nз֞ײȻʲô@ײַքeʲôøС(bio)}ķ

2W(xu)R(bo)nķփɲֵһP(gun)ۺtڶǺẗ́e^ɣ@ɷ׌벻Įһ

Ʒxnĵڶܺt˵

ゃ˲@ôLһӾͰѽY(ji)(gu)ˣô@ƪһЄ(dng)

tͬĸҸЄ(dng)

ӢҊͬ҂һW(xu)(x)ڶȥ҂һιtƬŴ˴߅벻l(f)װl(f)ʲô

벻l(f)˩һȺtͻȻw˵zwPB•Q•˄cƽr(sh)һǰl(f)ʲônʾ@Ԓ

lԸxx@Ԓָxʲô벻

t˵zwPB•Q

xx@Ԓx@Ԓܵʲôʲô

t᲻ߌtОе@lԸفxһx@Ԓx@Щָxȫفxһx

ȥtͻȻw벻׌҂@Щ^@ͬr(sh)Ȼ˵һ߅麣t׌һƬյ

tʲô@e(dng)أՈĬxn茑tОľ

tȄ(dng)݆wzǰĿǰհzݵHnʾ@Ԓ

҂һxx@ԒȫRx

x@Ԓ˾ʲôr(sh)򿴵^Ƶ龰Hȥr(sh)^

ǰ@ֻl(f)ѪP(gun)ϵH֮gsl(f)@Щ(dng)y߰Ѵ˕r(sh)ĺtǰհzݵH

@(g)w(hu)ʲô

҂ԼĸفxһxȫRxtʲôe(dng)lҵ

^һ(hu)tzǰվ˃C(dng)Ǟ`İʹnʾ@ԒՈɵxһx@Ԓľw(hu)ʲôw(hu)tҲһڞ`

Щطw(hu)

վ˃C(dng)

܏ľw(hu)ߵĸw(hu)Xߺ@

lԸ⎧Լĸ܁xx@Ԓָx

ώx

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xx@ԒffĸǏăw(hu)t᲻˵z^ȥ•QġɫuԿʲô

túܾo᲻F(xin)tc֮gĸlԸxһxָxxָx

te(dng)ʹ҂׺oÓ¶ʹ߸ӸЄ(dng)҂߀Dzòzt߀(hu)ʲô˳@˸Є(dng)߶ٌȥԴˡ룬t߀(hu)ЩʲôՈһɂ(g)f

Aչ

ͨ^ڶֵČW(xu)(x)ܵʲô

tĐ

t˵ͨ^wʲô׌҂ܵ

ͨ^(dng)茑w

СY(ji)ǰ(dng)茑ɺtĸʹ¸Ӹ҂Ҳ\(yn)Ä(dng)ZԵȼ(x)(ji)茑SԸʹ҂¸O(sh)Ӌ(j)21ctP(gun)ۺtẗ́e

̌W(xu)˼

ctһx˽̰꼉σԵ߽Mĵһƪn@Mv˰l(f)c(dng)(dng)c(dng)֮gĸ˹չʾ˄(dng)Sct@ӵһƪnvһλЅǑcʮһH˰ιB(yng)߅ĺt(dng)ȥt԰l(f)`x_ԼH@(ji)nҵҪ̌W(xu)Ŀ׌W(xu)ͨ^ֵxw(hu)tqH˰ĸڽ̌W(xu)^gϷdzĬ̌W(xu)(dng)ώ͌W(xu)M˼@(ji)nx߀Ƿdz

@nx(yng)ԓȫwW(xu)ָx̫(yng)ԓһЩggČԒM(jn)һָ(do)xw(hu)t˵ĸ

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