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結(jié)構(gòu)—情景—交際法初探
（杭州市學(xué)軍中學(xué) 李小怡）結(jié)構(gòu)—情景—交際教學(xué)法（Structural,Situational and Communicative Method）教學(xué)法（簡(jiǎn)稱ＳＳＣ） 的關(guān)鍵是教師要精心設(shè)置一種較豐富和自然的供學(xué)生進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐的情景，使新學(xué)的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)能被融合到學(xué)生 已有的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)中去，化為自然的交際能力。我是分成四個(gè)步驟進(jìn)行嘗試的。
第一步：展示材料。教師運(yùn)用不同的教學(xué)手段向?qū)W生展示語(yǔ)言材料及其主要語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)，利用復(fù)習(xí)舊課或設(shè) 計(jì)情景導(dǎo)入新材料，讓學(xué)生能直接感知語(yǔ)言信息，化難為易，盡力少用母語(yǔ)或不用母語(yǔ)。例如：
ＪＥＦＣ教材第一冊(cè)Lesson 5新句型Are you…（人名）？教師可讓學(xué)生先復(fù)習(xí)How are you?I'm fine.然 后問(wèn)學(xué)生"Are you fine?"學(xué)生作出反應(yīng)后即可導(dǎo)入新課Are you …（人名）？無(wú)需解釋，學(xué)生便能作出答復(fù)。
在教Lesson 41新句型It's a picture of my family.和What's the name of her cat?時(shí)，教師可用圖片 讓學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)，如：T:What is this?S:It's a picture.然后教師自問(wèn)自答What picture is it?It's a pictur e of a girl.再換上圖片讓學(xué)生模仿著說(shuō)It's a picture of a boy(a student,a teacher,a classr ?以此引出又一新句型What's the name of her(Kate's)cat?
教Lesson 79新句型There be…in…時(shí),教師先讓學(xué)生根據(jù)課本中的圖片說(shuō)，"A picture is on the wall. A river is in the picture.A boat is in the river.Some hills are in the picture,too."然后教師指圖 引出新句型There isapicture on the wall.There's a river in the picture.There's a boat in the rive r.There are some hills in the picture,too.學(xué)生不難理解其中意思。
第二冊(cè)Lesson 9出現(xiàn)形容詞的比較級(jí)，教師可利用教室內(nèi)學(xué)生所熟悉的情景進(jìn)行新課教學(xué)，如指著黑板上 的課題The ninth lesson教師說(shuō)，"The third word is longer than the second one.The second word is l onger than the first one."又可指著學(xué)生的課本說(shuō),"Your English book is bigger than your Chinese bo ok."還可指班上的學(xué)生說(shuō)，"A is taller than B. B is taller thanC."等等。用這種方法教學(xué)，學(xué)生會(huì)不知 不覺(jué)地了解和學(xué)到新的知識(shí)。
在教ＳＥＦＣ教材第一冊(cè)Lesson 5時(shí)，教師可以通過(guò)課文中的圖片或幻燈與學(xué)生進(jìn)行對(duì)話來(lái)展示新課內(nèi)容 、生詞及習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。例如：
（教師先出示圖片。）
T:Now look at the picture.What's this?
S:It's a lab.
T:What's this?
S:It's a basin.
T:Yes,it's a washbasin.
(板書(shū)basin。)
T:What lab is it?
S:It's a chemistry lab.
T:Have you ever been in a chemistry lab before?
S:Yes.
T:Can you go into the chemistry lab without a teacher?
S:No.
T:That's right.Going into the lab without a teacher is not allowed. （板書(shū)allow并解釋The w ord "allow" means "let sb.do or let sth.be done".然后要求學(xué)生用該生詞來(lái)回答教師的問(wèn)題，看他們是否 理解其意。）
T:Can we come into the lab without a teacher?
S:No,we are not allowed to come into the lab without a teacher.
T:Can we copy others'homework?
S:No,we can't copy others'homework.
T:Can we talk in class?
Can we go out of the classroom before class is over?
Are you allowed to sleep in class?
Are you allowed to be late for class?
T:Are you allowed to touch anything if your teacher doesn't tell you to do?
S:No,we'
re not allowed to touch anything if our teacher doesn't te
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